Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
enzymes - speed up chemical reactions inside living things - Coggle Diagram
enzymes - speed up chemical reactions inside living things
enzyme action
anabolic reactions are required for growth, enzymes build large complex polymers
catabolic reactions are the breaking down of large organic molecules
extracellular enzymes = enzymes working outside of cells, break down substrates in the environment
metabolism = the sum of all chemical reactions required by a cell/whole organism
intracellular enzymes = enzymes working inside of cells
activation energy = sufficient energy to start a reaction
non-competitive inhibitors (indirect)
attach elsewhere on the enzyme (allosteric site)
changes the tertiary structure of the enzyme, the active site changes shape
often causes permanent changes (denaturing)
the enzyme cannot carry out it's function
vmax is never reached
cofactors
a non-protein helper for enzymes
can form part of an active site
transfers groups and atoms between reactions
inorganic
digestion of starch
starch ---> maltose
using amylase
produced in salivary glands + pancreas
digestions of proteins
peptides ---> amino acids, using a protease
amino acids are absorbed by cells lining the digestive system, then into the bloodstream
proteins ---> pepides, using trypsin
competitive inhibitors (direct)
reduces rate of reaction
mostly temporary + reversible
reduces number of substrates + enzymes binding
vmax can still be reached
fits into the active site, blocks substrate from entering
prosthetic groups are cofactors that are tightly bound and form a permanent feature of the protein
coenzymes are organic cofactors derived from vitamins in the diet