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Ch. 12 section 4: The election of 1860 - Coggle Diagram
Ch. 12 section 4: The election of 1860
Division of Democrats
Southern delegates demanded the party declare its support for slavery in the territories.
Douglas and the northerners rejected this proposal.
Delegates from 8 southern states left the convention when northerners refused to adopt southern program.
President of US
Northern people nominated Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois.
Southern Democrats nominated John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky.
Constitutional-Union party
Made up of former Whigs and Know-Nothings.
Feared the breakup of Union if Republican candidate was elected.
Tried to avoid slavery issue.
Lincoln and his family
He was born in a log cabin, he and his family moved their settlement repeatedly.
His great-grandfather was killed by Indians while he cleans his farmland in the forest.
He built flatboat and navigated it down the Mississippi to New Orleans.
He was a great speaker.
Prevent slavery from spreading westward into territories.
Lincoln is elected
He won in electoral college.
39 percent of popular vote. (Smallest proportion ever)
Received votes in just the right states.
South Carolina seceded from Union
5 new state joined, wrote new constitution and announced new nation is born, the Confederate States of America.
Beginning of new war
President Buchanan
He believed secession is illegal and the government have no right to compel a state to remain in the Union.
He did not know what to do.
Senator John J. Crittenden of Kentucky proposed unamendable amendments to Constitution.
Extend Missouri Compromise line of 36 30’ to California as the dividing line between slave and free soil.
Forbid the federal government to interfere with slavery in the states.
Republicans held firmly to refusal to allow slavery to go into any territory even below 36 30’.
Confederate states of America viewed US as foreign nation.
Seceded states can no longer allow US to keep its arsenals and forts inside their borders.
They began to seize federal posts using their own state troops.
US troopsgave up all but one strong position called Fort Sumter.
Lincoln’s inaguration
Discovered if Fort Sumter does not receive food, it will have to surrender.
Question: Let South have Fort Sumter OR send the needed supplies and risk a fight to keep all the states inside one great nation?
He decided to stand firm for Union. He does not give up the Fort Sumter, but let South fire the first shot.
He notified South Carolina that he was sending supplies to Fort Sumter.
South Carolina decided to take the fort.
April 12, 1861
4:20 AM, Confederate General Beauregard began bombarding Fort Sumter
2:30 afternoon, Major Robert Anderson surrendered the fort.
No one was wounded, the first quickest and bloodless battle of war.