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Ch. 12 section 3: The nation comes apart - Coggle Diagram
Ch. 12 section 3: The nation comes apart
Separation of parties
Methodists (who believed peolpe to have personal relationship with God) splitted into northern and southern wings.
Whigs disappeared.
Republicans were in fear and had loathing in the South.
Know-Nothing split over the slavery issue.
Southern nominated Millard Fillmore.
Northern joined Republicans.
President candidates
James Buchanan
Chosen for the candidate of Democrats.
Negative facts:
No connection with Kansas.
No abolitionist leaning that will offend the South.
From Pennsylvania.
Won the election.
Hope that Supreme Court uses its authority to settle the slavery issue.
Dred Scott case
He was a slave who sued for his freedom when his master died.
The master’s family (daughter) require Scott to come back since he is still a slave.
Court declared that Scott should be remained as a slave despite his travel, and he does not have the right to bring suit because black slaves cannot be the citizen of US.
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
Slave was a property of his owner.
Constitution nowhere gave congress the right to deprive/get a citizen of US of his slaves.
Congress cannot do anything about slavery in the territories.
John C. Fremont
Chosen for candidate of Republicans.
“Conqueror of California”
Lecompton Constitution
Convention meeting at Lecompton to draw up if Kansas will be in Union as a state.
Proslavery convention allowed popular vote when the constitution will be adopted with slavery or not.
Adopted with slavery: slave might be brought into Kansas without limit.
Adopted without slavery: no more slaves can be brought in.
Free-Soilers refused to go to the polls to vote on proposition.
Lecompton Constitution was adopted with slavery.
Majority of people of Kansas did not want slavery.
Douglas vs Buchanan
Buchanan asked that Kansas be admitted as a slave state.
Douglas wanted new constitution to be framed Kansas and submitted to honest vote of the people there.
Buchanan used his presidency to induce congress to admit Kansas as a state with Lecompton Constitution.
Kansas became a free state in Jan. 29, 1861.
Lincoln vs Douglas
Douglas believed that free and slave states can continue to live together in peace.
Lincoln believed that slavery was morally wrong and he does not wanted to interfere with slavery in those states where it was established.
Lincoln asked Douglas whether the people of territory can lawfully exclude slavery before they become a state.
If yes, Douglas will seem to defy Dred Scott decision.
If no, he will oppose his own doctrine popular sovereignity.
Freeport Doctrine
Douglas chose the way of evading the central and moral issue of slavery.
the institution cannot exist anywhere for a day without the support of local police regulations.
John Brown’s raid
He wanted to let the slaves to fight for their own freedom and invade the South.
Raiding the estates and forcibly freed 30 slaves.
Robert E. Lee
Made captives of survivng members of Brown’s band.
John Brown was arrested and later he was executed.