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Topic 12.1: Experimental Techniques - Coggle Diagram
Topic 12.1: Experimental Techniques
For measuring time
Stopwatch
For measuring volume
Gas syringe
Measuring cylinder
Pipette
Burette
For supporting apparatus
Retort Stand
Tripod Stand and wire gauze
For containing and holding liquids
Boiling Tube
Test Tube
Beaker
Conical Flask
Round Bottomed Flask
Flat Bottomed Flask
For heating and assisting in heating
Bunsen Burner
Crucible
Heating Mantle
Evaporating Dish
Other
Thistle Funnel
Filter Funnel and Paper
Bell Jar
Gas Jar
Mortar and Pestle
Definition of Common Science Terms
Solvent- A substance that dissolves a solute to make a solution
Solute- A substance that is dissolved in a solvent
Solution- A mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent .
Saturated solution- A solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent at a specified temperature.
Residue- A substance that remains after evaporation, distillation, filtration or any similar process.
Filtrate- A liquid or solution that has passed through a filter paper.
Advantages
and
Disadvantages
of Apparatus
For measuring temperature
Mercury in thermometer
Advantage: Mercury is a better conductor of heat than alcohol so it is more sensitive to heat changes.
Disadvantage: Mercury vapour is toxic if the thermometer breaks. It needs to be cleaned up by sulfur
Alcohol in thermometer
Advantage: Alcohol is less toxic and easier to clean up than mercury if the thermometer breaks.
Disadvantage: Alcohol is flammable so the thermometer should not be held over an open flame.
Temperature probe
Advantage: More accurate than a mercury and alcohol in thermometer.
Disadvantage: It is expensive
For measuring liquids
Measuring cylinder
Advantage: Easy, fast and convenient to use
Disadvantage: Inaccurate with higher uncertainty than a pipette or burette
Pipette
Advantage: Accurate to measure a fixed volume of liquid.
Disadvantage: Can only measure one fixed volume of liquid
Burette
Advantage: Accurate to 0.1cm3 more accurate than a measuring cylinder.
Disadvantage: Slower and inconvenient
For collecting gases
