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ARAL SEA: What problems can the use of water resources create?, Tanvi,…
ARAL SEA: What problems can the use of water resources create?
Causes
inadequate use of the water sorce
Water resources are used for agriculture, for industry, for manufacturing, for household uses such as drinking and washing. Excessive use of water resources can prevent or limit these uses.
Floods
Causes heavy loss to agriculture, livestock and property
From increase in water logging, soil sedimentation in reservoirs, damage to forest areas, large scale growth of aquatic weeds of nuisance value, displacing wildlife and degradation of valuable landscape etc.
Most arid or semi arid regions contain high percentages of sodium salts
Droughts
Secure water supplies are needed to support irrigation and food production, manufacturing and energy generation
Water pollution
Due to poor sanitation and lack of waste treatment plants.
Climate Change/Global Warming
Changes the way water evaporates and where it rains, pushing rainfall further south in both hemispheres
Human settlements
Construction of dams
Hydroelectric projects
Water diversion for irrigation
Stakeholders Involved
Communities dependent on the sea, marine life, animals and plants surrounding the sea
Regulators, local government employees, industry representatives
Landowners, farmers and members of the general public
Members of the scientific community and others who may contribute to system understanding.
fishermen; breadwinners
International economists
Impact
Decline in overall human life-expectancy due to poor quality of water. This impacts communities and increases risk of certain diseases
An example of a disease that decrease life expectancy is Legionella pneumophila, which is spread through poor quality water.
Child mortality/Child defects
too much use of water lead to increase in salt and dust storms. Dust and sand storms cause loss of soil and removal of organic matter and nutrient rich soil they influence soil productivity.
However the use of water sources can lead to various problems e.g. the depletion of underground aquifers and salinisation of the soil, respiratory or other chronic illnesses
Negative impact on wetlands, on biodiversity, on wildlife and landscape, among others
Economic decline
Almost total collapse of the fishing industry. Many people rely on the fishing industry for food and their livelihoods. This threatens communities and food security.
An example of a collapse in the fishing industry is in Canada, where the country's East coast cod fishery. This lead to approximately 37,000 fishermen and fish plant workers losing their jobs due to the collapse of the cod fisheries
Poor access to water and insufficient sanitation affect the health of the poor, their food security, and their prospects for making a living
Solutions
Recharging with good quality groundwater (minimising excess amounts of salt)
Efficient distribution of canal water, irrigation according to requirement of crops, Proper regulation of water use (during droughts)
Plantations can reduce the impact of water flow on soil erosion
Tanvi, Samhita & Eshal