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COMBINED SCIENCE IGCSE, Plasma - Coggle Diagram

- - - - In a single loop passes through the heart two times
    - - White Blood Cells
        
        Phagocytes
        
        Engulf and destroy foreign bacteria/ viruses
        
        Funny shaped nucleus (lobes)
        
        Lymphocytes
        
        Production of antibodies
        
        Big nucleus with little cytoplasm
      - Red Blood Cells
        
        Transport oxygen
        
        Biconcave
        
        Increase the surface area
        
        No nucleus nor organnelles to leave more space for haemoglobin
      - Platalets
        
        Clotting
        
        Prevents blood loss and infections
        
        Tiny cells
    - - Blood vessels
        
        Arteries
        
        Transports blood away from the heart
        
        Thick wall, small lumen
        
        Capilaries
        
        Connects arteries with veins
        
        1 cell thick wall
        
        Exchange of gases
        
        Veins
        
        Transport blood back to body
        
        Has valves
        
        Thin wall
        
        Thick lumen
      - Heart
        
        Pumps blood to organs in the body
        
        The walls have to be made out of muscle to pump
- - - - A force can be represented by a vector (arrow)
        
        A vector has a magnitude and a direction
      - The unit used for forces is Newtons (N)
      - Types of forces
        
        Contact
        
        Contact forces need to physically touch to exert its force
        
        Push and pull
        
        Non-contact
        
        Non-contact forces do not need a physical contact.
        
        Weight (Gravity)
        
        The gravitational force is the attraction between two objects
        
        Mass
        
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        Distance
        
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        The gravitational force acting on an object is calleed Weight
        
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        Electromagnetism
      - A force can change an object's motion and/or shape
      - When multiple forces are acting in the same object, the resultant force is the sum of all of them
        
        Forces in the same direction:
        
        Forces in opposite directions
        
        As the forces at opposite directions are equal, they cancel each other out
        
        Newton's Three Laws of Motion
        
        First Law
        
        Innertia
        
        If an object is at rest, it will stay at rest forever
        
        UNLESS THERE IS A FORCE ACTING ON IT
        
        If an object is moving, it will keep on moving at the same speed forever
        
        Mass and Innertia are directly connected
        
        The more mass, the greater the innertia
        
        Second Law
        
        Resultant force = Mass x Acceleration
        
        This diagram in a one dimesional diagram because the forces (Fa and Ff) are acting in a single line.The Fa is the acceleration, and its opposite force is friction (Ff)
        
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        A = F/M
        
        If the net force increases, the acceleration also increases. Force and acceleration are directly connected
        
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        Third Law
        
        (No entra en el examen)
- - - - Must be balanced
      - Reactant + Reactant --> Product + Product
        
        On the left side, it desbribes what substances