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WBC - Coggle Diagram
WBC
Nonneoplastic disorders
Neutropenia
bacterial and fungal infectinos
Dec. granulocyte production
Compensatory hypercellularity
Drugs
Inc destruction
GCSF
Leukocytosis
Types
Neutrophil
Acute bacterial infection
Eosinophil
Allergic disorders
parasitic infection
drug reaction
Hodgkin lymphoma
Basophilic
CML
Monocytosis
Chronic infections
IBD
Collagen vascular disease
Lymphocytosis
Bordetella
Accompanies monocytosis
Leukemoid reaction
Infectious Mononucleosis
Reactive lymphadenitis
Cat-scratch disease
sarcoidosis like
lymphogranuloma venereum
Acute nonspecific
Chronic nonspecific
Follicular hyperplasia
B-cell involvement
Causes
RA
Toxoplasma
early HIV
Diff with follicular lymphoma
preservation of architecture
Variation in size and shape
Prominent phagocytic and mitotic activity
Paracortical hyperplasia
T-cells
Viral infections
vaccinations
drugs
Sinus histiocytosis
macrophage infiltrate
HLH
Neoplastic proliferations
Lymphoid Neoplasms
Precursor B and T
Types
T-ALL
Adolescent
thymic lymphomas
CD2-CD8
not CD10
B-ALL
Childhood
most common
more common
after 5 yo
Down syndrome
Chromosome
mostly (12,21)
sometimes (9,22)
CD10,19,20
Mediastinal mass
Scant basophilic cytoplasm
MPO negative
Acid-Schiff +ve
glycogen granules
TdT
B cells
CLL
BTK
BCR-ABL
small resting lymphocytes
dark round nuclei
Proliferation centres
Lymphocytosis
Smudge cell
CD20
CD5
Hypogammaglobulinemia
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Richter transformation
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma
(14,18)
transformed
nodular proliferation
Centrocytes
slightly larger than lymphocytes
cleaved nuclei
Centroblasts
differentiate from follicular hyperplasia
CD20
CD10
rituximab
Mantle cell lymphoma
11,14
no proliferation centre
Lymphomatoid polyposis
CD20
CD5
Aggressive
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma
chronic inflammation
H. Pylori
Lymphoepithelial lesions
Diffuse Large B Cell lymphoma
most common in adults
Maybe 14,18
Large
3-4x
Multilobulated vesicular nucleus
highly anaplastic
May resemble RS cells
Special types
EBV associated
HHV8 associated
primary effusion lymphoma
Mediastinal large B-cell
in young women
spreads to abdomen
GI extranodal site
Burkitt Lymphoma
chromosome 8
MYC
Fastest growing
round oval nuclei
2-5 distinct nucleoli
lipid filled vacuoles
Starry sky appearance
benign macrophages
Types
endemic
Africa
Jaw
nonendemic
abdomen
Hairy Cell Leukemia
Indolent
CD20
CD11c and CD103 more useful
+ve for TRAP
Cladribine
Dry tap
Infiltration of spleen and bone marrow
Hairy cells
Plasma cells
MGUS
Amyloidosis
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Multiple Myeloma
Males
African
IgG
IgA
Bence Jones proteins
Solitary Plasmacytoma
Smoldering Myeloma
Bone destruction
RANKL
IL6
Low humoral immunity
Renal dysfunction
Obstructive proteinaceous casts
Light chain deposition
Hypercalcemia
Bacterial pyelonephritis
Myeloma nephrosis
Multifocal destructive skeletal lesions
1-4cm punched out
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
superficially like CLL
cells undergo plasma cell differentiation
assc. with
Waldenstrom
hyperviscosity
Visual impairment
Neurologic problems
Bleeding
Cryoglobulinemia
MYD88
Mast cell hyperplasia
Inclusions
Russel bodies
Dutcher bodies
Cold agglutinins
Hodgkin Lymphoma
RS cell
large cell
multilobate nucleus
abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm
Owl eye appearance
CD15 & CD30
no CD45
Anatomically contiguous nodes
Types
NS
most common
Lower cervical
excellent prognosis
Lacunar cells
torn away cytoplasm
lacunae
Collagen bands
MC
Most common in elderly
Classic RS cells
Heterogenous inflammatory infiltrate
Disseminated
LR
LD
LP
not classical
germinal center B markers
CD20
L&H variant cells
popcorn cell
T-cells
Sezary Syndrome
CD4+
Skin
Erythrodermic rash
scale
tumor
Cerebriform T cells
Sezary cells
Mycoises Fungoides
Pautrier Microabscesses
ATCL
HTLV
Tropical spastic paresis
Skin lesions
CD4
CD25
Myeloid Neoplasms
AML
Older adults
Types
15,17
APML
Acute monocytic leukemia
gums
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Down Syndrome
Before 5
Myeloblasts
fine azurophilic cytoplasmic granules
Auer Rods
red staining
CD34
Similar to ALL
MPO
MDS
transformation to AML
Megablastoid erythroid precursors
Ringed sideroblasts
Abnormal granules (granulocytes)
MPN
Tyrosine Kinase
Types
CML
adults
BCR-ABL
9,22
Distinguish from leukemoid reaction
All kinds of circulating cells
mainly neutrophils
Metamyelocytes
Myelocytes
BCR-ABL inhibitors
Polycythemia vera
JAK2
low erythropoietin
tissue congestion
Basophilia
pruritus
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Primary Myelofibrosis
JAK2
Obliterative marrow fibrosis
PDGF
TGF-B
Sec. hematopoietic organs
Poikilocytes
teardrop cells
Leukoerythroblastosis
Hypocellular marrow
Cloud like megakaryocytes
Histiocytic neoplasms
Langerhan cell histiocytosis
Birbeck granules
CD1a
MHC II
Dendritic cells
tissue macrophage like appearance
vacuolated
Types
Letter Siwe
younger than 2
Multisystem
Hand Schuller Christian
multifocal bone
Eosinophilic granuloma
unifocal unisystem
Adults