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Unit 5(ii) Ethical Issues in Psychological Assessment (In the Beginning) -…
Unit 5(ii) Ethical Issues in Psychological Assessment (In the Beginning)
Who is the Client?
offer the most scientifically and clinically -recommendations drawn from best data while relying on competence& personal integrity without excessive influence from external forces
conducting assessment strive for highest level of personal integrity while clarifying assessment role and its complications
to consider what rights each layer of authority has in terms of such factors
clearly conceptualize and accurately represent their obligations to all parties
Informed Consent
mindful of client, clarify misunderstanding, and correct unrealistic expectations
explaining purpose of evaluation, who will have access to data or findings, who is responsible for payment& what any relevant limitations are on psychologist's duties to the parties
aware of limitations of assessment procedures& discuss these procedure with clients
recognize various levels of people& organizations to whom a professional duty may be owed and to clarify the relationship with all parties at the start of assessment activity
explain nature of evaluation, clarify referral questions, discuss goals of assessment ( in language client can readily understand)
Test User Competence
need to understand statistics, psychopathology, and psychometrics in order to accurately draw clinical inference or make actuarial predictions based on test data
to provide psychological assessment services must demonstrate competence with specific test to be listed
clinician should be competent to provide particular service to the client
continuing professional education and peer consultation are the most effective strategies for assessing and maintaining one's own competence, following graduation and licesing
Planning Evaluation
interactive process- refines goals of evaluation in context of basic assessment science and limitations of available techniques
Selection of Instruments
have a sound knowledge of available instruments for assessing particular construct related to the assessment questions
to differentiate between instrument's strengths and weaknesses
Adequacy of Instruments
use appropriate psychometric procedures& current scientific/ professional knowledge in test design, standardization, validation, reduction/ elimination of bias, and recommendations for use of instruments
psychologist must have clinical and scientific skill needed to evaluate data provided by publisher
Appropriate Assessment in a Multicultural Society
ethically adapt administration and interpretation procedures
ethical responsibility to document any such adaptations on clarify their probable impact on findings
take care of potential bias& misuses of such result
use assessment instruments whose validity and reliability have been established for that particular population
use assessment methods in manner appropriate to individual's language, competence, and cultural background
Getting Around Language Barriers
aware with human behaviors- eye contact, spontaneity etc
performance on nonverbal tests can be significantly affected both by culture
if use interpreter- check adequacy of interpreter's training, obtain informed consent of client to use that particular interpreter, interpreter respect confidentiality of test results and test security
What's in a Norm?
If normative data do not apply to the client, psychologists must be able to discuss the limitations in interpretation
put variable demands on client and can place different levels of emphasis on specific abilities
Bases for Assessment
psychologists document the efforts they made to obtain their own data (if any) and clarify potential impact of their limited information on reliability and validity of their opinion
take great care to appropriately limit the nature and extent of any conclusions or recommendations