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GOV - Coggle Diagram
GOV
Lenin
structure
formed the politburo with 7-9 members instead of previous Central committee with 30-40, centralisation
could even undermine politburo power by threatening to resign when they disagreed with him, like during WW1 peace negotiations, giving him more individual power
closure of the constituent assembly after one day, illusion of democracy
ban on factions 1921, to prevent any further opposition groups, but still allow debate
personal power
very charismatic, able to convince a whole room of his view due to oration skills
gained power due to winning civil war, seen as a hero, people believed in him
'father of communism', later embalmed, still lies in Red Square
able to send opponents into exile, set up the Cheka to do terror, undermine politburo etc.
terror
red terror, 200,000, SRs and Mensheviks, helped to cement the party as only option, complete authority
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put people into de facto exile if they opposed him, like Kollontai after worker's opposition (promotion = exile)
Stalin
terror
1-2 million in Great Terror, potentially x10 of Lenin's
22% of party lost party cards by 1935, peaceful, chistka (cleansing) due to Stalin paranoia
show trails of 1936, 37, 38. public humiliation and trial of Zinoviev, Kamanev, Bukharin, followers of Trotsky. made Stalin look like a hero
focused more on the party, paranoid due to Routine doctrine, Lenin's Testament, and brief battle with Trotsky after Lenin's rule, with many of his supporters still in the party
structure
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further undermined politburo power, never met with them after WWII, ensured no one group held a lot of power, enough to rival him
introduced ideological orthodoxy so no one could disagree, no debate
used nomenclature as a list of people to kill, previously loyal to Lenin. Eradicated entire groups of old Lenin supporters and promoted new generation of politicians that were completely loyal to him
PP
former general secretary so had information on people, used to blackmail opposition
able to choose which group has most power optically, but retained almost complete power in a dictatorship
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considered a hero after winning WWII, ushered in high stalinism
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