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SPAIN IN THE 17TH CENTURY - Coggle Diagram
SPAIN IN THE 17TH CENTURY
During the 17th century
Austrian Habsburgs ruled Spain
Felipe III, Felipe IV and Carlos II
They freed themselves of their governmental obligations
Delegating power to their trusted advisors
Acted as prime ministers, known as
validos
Used their power to become rich
Give positions of power and priviledges
To their supporters and family
This increased rivalry in groups of nobles leading to conspiracies
Spanish monarchy fell into decline
On the Peninsula
Economic situation worsened
Spain began to lose its political importance
Became a second rate power
THE AUSTRIAN HABSBURGS
Felipe IV (1621-1665)
He delegated power to his valido ->
Count-Duke of Olivares
Attempted to regain power over Europe
Spain took part in new wars like Thirty Years' War
He introduce centralising reforms to increase tax collection
Like the Union of Arms
Proposed that all the kingdoms ruled by
The Spanish monarchy provide soldiers
& Funds to cover the cost of the European wars
Crown of Aragón's kingdoms courts
Opposed this idea and the proposal failed
Spain went bankrupt several times & after many years at war
Toll it was taking provoked numerous
domestic rebellions
Like the ones on Catalonia and Portugal
Portugal -> nobility managed to appoint a Portuguese king
Conspiracies occurred in Andalucía and Aragón
Revolts in Naples and Sicily
Peace of Westphalia
Spain controlled its domestic revolts
And resumed its war against France
1652
Ryal army took control of Barcelona
Ended the revolt in Cataluña
Felipe IV's troops --> defeated by
The French army + support of England
Spain forced to sign a
peace treaty
with France
1659
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War against Portugal continued
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Treaty of the Pyrenees
consequences
France
Renounced Catalonia but
Gained the Catalonian territories of
Cerdanya
And territories in Flanders
Roussillon
Marriage arranged between
Louis XIV (King of France)
Maria Theresa
Archduchess of Austria
Daughter of Felipe IV (King of Spain)
Carlos II (1665-1700)
When he came to the throne --> he was a minor
And he suffered from an illness
Different validos took power during his reign
France
Continued its hostilities against weak Spain
They gained territories
He left no heirs
This creatied a conflict over succession when he died
Felipe III (1598-1621)
During his reign
His valido -> the
Duke of Lerma governed
Spain was bankrupt
To reduce expenses the armed conflicts were
ended
Peace treaty was signed with England
Truce with the Protestants in the Low Countries
In 1609
Expulsion of the Moriscos was ordered
Accused of being fake christians
And practising their own religion in secret
Considered untrustworthy by the population
It had an extremely negative effect
On the Spanish economy -> in agriculture
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Felipe III wished to demonstrate his commitment
To Catholicism and compensate for
Ceding to the Protestants in the Low Countries
THE WAR OF SUCCESSION
Carlos II named
Felipe (Duke of Anjou)
Successor to the Spanish throne
He was from the Bourbon dynasty
And grandson of King Louis XIV of France
This decision caused great fear
Thrones of Spain/France -> united under a single ruler
Anti-Bourbon alliance was formed
Carlos (Archduke of Austria)
proposed as a candidate
This caused the War of Succession
War of Succession (1701-1713)
Candidates and their supporters
Felipe
Proclaimed King of Spain in Madrid in 1700
Supported by Castile and France
Archduke Carlos
Proclaimed King of Spain in Barcelona in 1705
Recognised by the Courts of Aragón/Valencia/Cataluña
Military support of a coalition formed by
Austria
Great Britain
The United Provinces
Portugal
Savoy
Prussia
1707
After Felipe's victory at the Battle of Almansa
He conquered Valencia and Aragón
Coalition also gained victories -> war continued
1711
Archduke Carlos inherited the throne of Austria
Caused fear of a possible union
Between Spain and Austria among his allies
1713
Treaty of Utrecht
was signed
Breaty of Utrecht was signed
Exception of Austria
1714
Felipe V took control of Barcelona
Treaty of Rastatt
ended the war
Consequences of the War of Succesion
France
Imposed Felipe V as King of Spain
He had to renounce his right to the French throne
Both kingdoms governed by Bourbon dynasty
Austria
Gained Spanish Low Countries, Naples, Sardinia & Milan
Savoy acquired Sicily
Great Britain
Gained Gibraltar, Minorca & French colonies
Obtained trade concessions with the Spanish colonies
Spain
Lost its European territories but
Maintained the ones it held in the Americas
Lowest point in Spain's decline
It began to recover slowly
The Kingdom of Spain
Became a centralised state
Based on the French model
Nueva Planta' decrees (1707-1716)
Felipe V passed it
Abolished the fueros and the institutions of
Crown of Aragón
(Aragón, Valencia, Cataluña and Mallorca)
Replaced by Castilian laws
