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Maternal Deprivation - Bowlby - Coggle Diagram
Maternal Deprivation - Bowlby
Evaluation
Strength - The study had a control group to compare results to.
Generalisability - findings based on teenagers.
Temporal validity - study took place in 1944
Generalisability - all participants were from one area.
Self-report bias - relied on interviews so participants could have lied.
Correlation not causation
Bowlby
Bond Disruption
Separation - recoverable. Distress when physically separated for a relatively short period of time from the primary caregiver.
Deprivation - more serious, harder to recover from. Occurs when a bond formed is broken and an element of care is taken away.
Deprivation hypothesis
Bowlby 1953 - a "warm, intimate and continuous relationship with a mother" is necessary for healthy psychological/emotional development.
Idea that mother-love is as important for mental/emotional health as vitamins and a good diet are for physical health.
Study
44 thieves study
Analysed case studies of his patients in London. 88 children, of which 44 had been caught stealing and the other half were control. Suggested thieves were affectionless psychopaths and such characteristics enabled them to steal without guilt.
86% of affectionless thieves had frequent separation from mother compared to 17% of other thieves.
None of control group had early separation but 39% of all thieves had, either through foster care or hospital stays where they were rarely visited.
Consequences
Inability to form attachments in the future (IWM)
Affectionless Psychopathy - inability to feel remorse.
Delinquency - behavioural problems in adolescence.
Problems with cognitive development.
Koluchova Twins 1976
Study on Czech twins
From 18 months to 7 years - raised by stepmother and father in a very unsettled home.
Formed no attachments because of the abuse, neglect and isolation.
Later they were able to get to university, get degrees, form attachments and are married with children.
This does not support Bowlby's theory as it shows maternal deprivation can be overcome.