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Using two studies and two examples, explain the different types of culture…
Using two studies and two examples, explain the different types of culture
Popular culture
Marxism
-Bourdieu: Argues that the creation of high and popular cultures lies with those in power. He argues that those who have power and control can decide what is in high culture and popular culture
-Adorno: The masses are socialised to be preoccupied with trivial matters, so they are distracted from social concerns. Adorno is a Marxist and argues that popular culture is there to distract us from more pressing social and political matters
High Culture
Marxism
-Leavis: Found that individuals with elite ascribed status have access to leisure pursuits and activities that those with low status don't
-Strinati: The media creates popular culture and is breaking down the barriers as the masses are starting to access high culture. This means that high culture becomes more accessible on TV and more people can take part
Consumer culture
-Lury: Identities some features of a consumer culture which include: The availability of consumer goods, shopping, and being in debt is accepted as a social norm.
-Bourdieu:Argues that the creation of high and popular cultures lies with those in power. He argues that those who have power and control can decide what is in high culture and popular
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Global Culture
-Ritzer: McDonaldisation, the world has become a big fast-food chain, everything looks the same
-Giddens: Believes in Americanisation where everything is American. Giddens discusses the various forces that help create a global culture which includes: Global economy and Global citizens
Cultural Hybridity
-Johal: Brasian culture, Mix of Asian and British. Traditional aspects of Asian culture was mixed with British values
-Nayak: White Wannabe's, Males who adopt lifestyle + language of black culture.
Cultural Diversity
-Barker: Argues that this is the way in which difference is celebrated and promoted in society
-Postmodernists: Argue that society is becoming more diverse, and people have the ability to construct their own identity that is not based on any grand narrative
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Using two studies and examples, explain the concept of subcultures
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