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The crisis of Parliament and the outbreak of the First Civil War, 1640…
The crisis of Parliament and the outbreak of the First Civil War, 1640-1642
The Political Nation, 1640
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sources of division
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root and branch debates
context of the bill
- the long parliament set about reforming the church
content of the bill
- it intended to abolish the offices of archbishops and bishops
- this would dismantle the structure of the CofE + alter the composition of the house of lords
- politically it would also reduce charles' powers as he appointed bishops
arguments over the bill
- the bill showed many divisions in parliament between people who wanted a more puritan church and those who wanted to return it to the pre-laudian state ("true reformed protestant religion")
the recall of parliament
the short parliament
- with no money to fight the scots, wentworth suggested charles recall parliament
- the session began on the 13th april 1640 with charles' expectation that parliament would grant him subsidies and then he would listen to their grievances
however, the parliament dissolved without the king nor parliament getting what they want because...
- charles still had some expectation that the spanish king or pope would give him money
- strafford had suggested using the irish army against the covenanters
- strafford was ill and couldn't help charles in discussing with parliament
- 1 more item...
the long parliament
- it was events in scotland that meant parliament were recalled on 3rd november 1640
- charles was weak and desperate for parliaments money
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- may - act against dissolution
- 1641 - 15th feb - triennial act
- dec - root + brank petition, impeachment of laud
- nov - impeachment of strafford
- 3rd nov - opening of long parliament
- august - petition of twelve peers
- 5th may - dissolution of short parliament
- 1640 - 13th april - opening of short parliament
- 1 more item...
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The slide into war
key chronology
- 1641 - oct - outbreak of irish rebellion
- nov - the additional instruction
- nov - charles returns from scotland
- 1642 - jan - failed arrest of the 5 members
- march - militia ordinance
- 1 more item...
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local grievances
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neutralism
- choosing to take neither side was probably the natural choice for the majority of ordinary englishmen
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