the characteristics of the novel
first or third person narrator
the plot
chronological order of the events
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realism
not well organized plot
flat characters
a series of events form the plot
omniscient narrator
non omniscient narrator
sort of confession
language
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plain, matter of fact
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understood by the middle class
modern English
contemporary names
abundance of details
references to time and place
the message
bad punished
good rewarded
happy ending
closely linked to the middle class
directed to a bourgeois public
linked to puritan morality
appeal to the self-made man
unifying presence of the hero