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Helping Relationship, The Unique Characteristics of a Therapeutic…

- - - - Through the process of helping, clients can also gain insight, such that they come to understand themselves in new ways.
      - Assist individuals in dealing with the existential concerns.
      - Promote proactive involvement in life.
      - Clients can learn skills needed to live more effectively and reach their potential.
      - Assist individuals in making decisions about their life direction.
      - Allows a client to experience a healthy, non-damaging, and
        intimate relationship with other person.
      - Provide support and relief.
    - - Provide just enough relief to enable people to stay in the
        maladaptive situations or relationships.
      - Create dependency if clients rely too much on their helpers for support
      - Helper's personal issues sometimes place them at risk for encouraging dependency in those they assist.
      - Helpers unduly impose personal or societal values on their clients
- - - - Identify and clarify issues
      - Solve problems
      - Commit to action
      - Develop skills
      - Motivation
    - - Confidentiality
      - Trust
      - Non-judgemental
      - Coachee’s capacity to learn, develop and change
      - strengths; building and maintaining self-confidence
        and self-esteem
      - Challenge the coachee to move beyond the comfort zone
      - there are always solutions to issues
      - Breaking down big challenges into manageable steps
    - - Listening
      - Questioning
      - Clarifying
      - Reflecting
    - - FLOW model
        
        Find the challenge
        
        Look at reality
        
        Open possibilities
        
        Win commitment
      - STRIDE model
        
        Strengths
        
        Targets
        
        Reality
        
        Ideas and options
        
        Decide
        
        Evaluate
  - - - Structured/ Short Term
      - Structured/Long term
      - Informal/Short term
      - Informal/Long term
    - - Genuine interest from both the mentor and the mentee
      - Time to participate
      - Commitment
      - Confidentiality
      - Clear, open, two-way communication
      - Excellent listening skills
      - Self-motivation
      - Mutually established and clear goals
    - - Active listening
      - Coaching skills
      - Effective confrontation techniques
      - Conflict resolution
    - - Criticizing
      - Repetition of Shortcomings
      - Providing unsolicited advice
      - “Absolute” statements - You are ‘always’ or ‘never’
        something
      - Providing unsolicited advice
      - Rescuing people from problems they created
    - - Mentee
        
        Helps acclimate the mentee to his or her job and company culture more quickly
        
        Develops creative and independent thinking
        
        Increases confidence
        
        Usually helps to advance career more quickly
        
        Demonstrates the employer recognition of knowledge, skills and abilities of the mentee
        
        Helps provide professional development
      - Mentor
        
        Creates work allies
        
        Creates a sense of team within work group
        
        Provides an opportunity to communicate corporate values
        
        Increases experience and skills for career development
        
        Expands effective communication skills
        
        Gives “payback” for the support received from others in the past.
        
        .Provides the fulfillment and satisfaction of helping others.
        
        Represents making a difference to the organization, profession and the mentee.
      - Organization
        
        . Increases employee productivity.
        
        Improves organizational performance.
        
        Helps new employees acclimate to job and company culture
        more quickly and increases their learning curve.
        
        Promotes diversity
        
        Increases employee retention.
        
        Encourages mutual loyalty between employee and employer
  - - - Preserve relationship
      - . Confidential
      - Efficient
      - Cost Effective
      - Reduce uncertainty
    - - Create a safe environment
      - Listen and elicit information
      - Assist parties as they clarify meaning and define issues
      - Problem solve through option generation
      - Facilitate negotiations
      - Record agreements
    - - Accepting
      - Trust in the youth
      - Re-define Control
      - Does not “assume”
      - Check our own baggage
      - Be Fully Present
      - Non-judgmental
  - - - Listen and hear others where they are
      - Let them know you have heard them
      - Acknowledging is not agreeing
      - Acknowledging does not mean you give up your view point
      - Requires recognizing where you differ and where you might agree
    - - Can soften an attitude enough to change stubborn to willing
      - Encourages conversation and avoids blame
      - People want to know you have heard them
      - Prevents escalation in a conflict
    - - Acknowledge both feeling and content as appropriate
      - Use objective clear language
      - Start with a variety for statements:
        
        So for you
        
        If I’m hearing you
        
        From your point of view
        -You sound
        You seem
- - - - Bullying
      - Harassment
      - Gossip
      - Discrimination
      - Communication problems
      - Low motivation and job satisfaction
      - Interpersonal conflict
      - Performance issues
      - Poor job fit
    - - Managing work related to stress
        
        Minimizing unpaid overtime
        
        Consulting about changes to job roles or workplace practices
        
        Taking a reasonable amount time between shifts and taking regular rest breaks
        
        Sharing workloads fairly
        
        Creating a safe and healthy work environment
    - - Effects of sexual harassment
        
        Weight loss or gain
        
        Headaches
        
        Depression
        
        Nausea
        
        Sleep disorder
        
        Sexual dysfunction
    - - Discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person or thing based on the group, class or category to which that person or thing is perceived to belong to rather than on individual.
    - - An unfair system or set of attitudes that prevents some people (such as women or people of a certain race) from getting the most powerful jobs.
  - - - Implicit discrimination
      - Making the most of diversity
      - Communication
      - Generational Differences
    - - Recognition
      - Fairness
      - Focus on yourself
      - Employee assessment
      - Encourage interaction
    - - Awareness and acceptance of differences
      - Self awareness
      - Dynamic of difference
      - Knowledge of client's culture
      - Adaptation of skills
    - - Understanding own assumptions, values and biases.
      - Understanding worldview of the culturally different client.
      - Developing appropriate intervention strategies and techniques.
  - - - Mental health is a state of balance between the individual and the surrounding world, a state of harmony between oneself and others, a coexistence between the realities of the self and that of other people and that of environment. (WHO, 2008)
      - Characteristic of mentally healthy people
        
        Happiness
        
        Control over behavior
        
        Appraisal of reality
        
        Effectiveness in work
        
        A healthy self-concepts
        
        Satisfying relationships
        
        Effective coping strategies
      - Attributes of mental health
        
        Thinking
        
        Behavior
        
        Interpersonal relationships
        
        Self-esteem
        
        Emotion
      - Factors influencing mental health
        
        Biological Factors
        
        Inherited Factors (genetic)
        
        Hormones and neurochemicals
        
        Changes in brain structure
        
        Psychological Factors
        
        Early development
        
        Personality traits
        
        Poor parenting
        
        Childhood traumas
        
        Social Factors
        
        Cultural beliefs and health practices
        
        Religious influences
        
        Poverty
        
        Unemployment
        
        Support system (family and friends)
      - Enhancing your mental health
        
        A supportive social network (Family and friends)
        
        Good communication skills
        
        Healthy lifestyle patterns
    - - Mental disorder (DSM-IV-TR)- a pattern of behavior in an individual that is associated with distress (pain) or disability (impairment in an important area of functioning) or with significantly increased risk of suffering, death, pain, disability or loss of freedom.
        
        Addiction
        
        Continued, compulsive use of the substance or involvement in the behavior despite serious negative consequences
        
        With repeated use, users can come to depend on being in this altered state, and without the drug, they may feel worse than they did before they ever took it.
        
        Typically, a person begins by using a substance to reduce pain or anxiety or to produce feelings of pleasure, excitement, confidence or connection with others.
        
        Psychotic disorder
        
        characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior and other signs that the individuals has lost touch with reality. The most common psychotic disorder is schizophrenia.
        
        The symptoms are sometimes so severe that the person become socially, interpersonally and occupationally dysfunctional.
        
        Most of cases, symptoms of the disease can be controlled with medication.
        
        Mental disorder and suicide
        
        Individuals contemplating suicide are most likely experiencing unbearable emotional pain, anguish or despair. 90% of those who commit suicide are suffering from mental disorder.
        
        Suicide is always a process and certain behavioral signs indicate that a person may be thinking about suicide:
        
        Intensified moodiness
        
        Increase in risk-taking behaviors
        
        Increasing social withdrawal and isolation
        
        sudden improvement in mood, accompanied by such behavior as giving away possessions
        
        Comments about death and threats to commit suicide
        
        How to help - suicide ?
        
        Encourage the person to talk and ask direct questions.
        
        Do not agree to keep the person's mental state or in intentions a secret.
        
        Encourage the person to get help by calling a suicide hotline or seeking counseling
        
        Self-injury
        
        Specific behaviors include cutting, burning, scratching, branding, picking, hair pulling and head banging.
        
        Intentional injury to one's own body.
        
        Individuals who self-injure often have a history of physical or sexual abuse as well as coexisting problems such as substance abuse and eating disorders.
        
        Treating mental disorder
        
        Psychotherapy-treatment for psychological problems usually based on the development of a positive interpersonal relationship between a client and a therapist
        
        The symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, especially delusions and hallucinations can be treated with antipsychotics.
        
        Symptoms of mood disorders can be relieved with any of several different types of antidepressants.
        
        Medications can help stabilize the condition so that you can make decisions and obtain benefits from psychotherapy
        
        Symptoms of anxiety disorders drugs or anxiolytics
        
        Panic disorder
        
        Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks along with concern about having another
        
        A specific phobia is an intense fear of an activity, situation or object, exposure to which evokes immediate anxiety.
        
        Agoraphobia is characterized by anxiety about being in situations where escape may be difficult or embarrassing or where help might not be available in case of a panic attack
        
        A social phobia involves an intense fear of certain kinds of social or performance situations, again leading the individuals to try to avoid such situations.
        
        Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by persistent, intrusive thoughts, impulse or images that cause intense anxiety or distress.
      - Mood disorder/depressive disorder/affective disorders
        
        Women are at significantly greater risk for depression than men.
        
        Indicated by feelings of sadness or emptiness or by behaviors (crying, loss of interest in activities that previously provided pleasure, fatigue, insomnia, significant weight loss or weight gain)
        
        Dysthymic disorder, low grade, chronic depression that goes on for 2 years or more may be diagnosed.
        
        generally depressed mood and may have a poor appetite, disturbed sleep patterns, low self-esteem, low energy, poor concentration and difficulty making decisions, and/or feeling of hopelessness
        
        Bipolar disorder, experiences one or more manic episodes, often but not always alternating with depressive episodes
        
        A manic episode is a distinct period during which the person has an abnormally elevated mood. Full of energy, may stay awake for days without getting tired or wake from few hours of sleep refresh, more talkactive than usual, distractibility.
        
        Anxiety disorders, panic attack, a clear physiological and and psychological experience of apprehension or intense fear in the absence of a real danger.
        
        sweating, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, a sense "going crazy",feeling impending doom or danger, strong urge to escape.