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Unit 2 (what i learnt in global+ngss) - Coggle Diagram
Unit 2 (what i learnt in global+ngss)
concept 2.1 global
diffusion
area of high concentration of something spreading out to areas that have a low concentration of it
osmosis
just some molecules going through a semi-permeable membrane
types:
isotonic
environment have equal material to the cell
hypertonic
environment have less material(can be anything) than inside the cell, so it may shrink because it gives the environment material
hypotonic
environment have more material(can be anything) than inside the cell, so it may enlarge because the environment gives it material, or even explode
role in functions of cells
diffusion: oxygen and carbon dioxide can go in and out and make respiration possible
osmosis: helps in putting in substances in and out of a cell without losing any energy and remaining the internal balance of the substances that go in and out
concept 2.3 (ngss)
cell division: always replacing each other
"1. chromosomes make 1 exact copy
2 twin chromosomes attached to each other
condense&become shorter
cell membrane disappear
twin chromosomes line up
the chromosomes pull apart, making a new cell"
process of growth and reproduction
unicellular
cell division
axesual
multicellular
sexual+asexual
individual cells divide
grow by adding cells
cells: always dying and replenishing, may happen by natural processes/external stress
made by interphase& mitosis
interphase: cell performs functions&grows
mitosis: cell division
concept 2.4 (ngss)
cellular respiration
takes place in 2 steps:
dont req o2
req o2
functions:
allow to take in chemicals
extract energy from energy-rich compounds
convert energy into ATP: all living organisms do it
equation: C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+ATP (glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP))
concept 2.5 (ngss)
photosynthesis
use light energy from the sun to produce food from air and water molecules
product: chemical
ingredients: light, water and co2
byproduct: o2
responsible for most of the o2 in the atmosphere
fun fact: photosynthesis equation can be reversed to cellular respirations equation
glucose is made for storing energy at the beginning
but it is used in releasing energy later on, by cellular respiration
chlorophyll absorbs light and determines the leaves' color, found in chloroplasts
each leaf cell can contain 10-100 chloroplasts
each chloroplast: is enclosed by a double-layered phospholipid membrane
autotroph: organism that produces their own food (photosynthetic)
cellular respiration
allows plants and animals to use the energy in glucose and other compounds
energy stored in small groups of compound: adenosine triphosphate (ATP)=>use right amount for other stuff