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Biology Unit 3 - Coggle Diagram
Biology Unit 3
Mitosis:
- division of the nucleus only
- cytoplasm divides in half, each half containing a diploid daughter nucleus
- division of cytoplasm following division of the nucleus
1) Prophase
- condensing of chromatin to form chromosome
- chromosome consists of 2 sister chromatids held together by centromere
- disintegration of nuclear membrane and nucleolus
- spindle fibres form and move to opposite poles of the cell
2) Metaphase
- chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell
- centromeres of chromosome are aligned on the equator
- centrioles located at opposite poles of the cell
3) Anaphase
- spindles contract, separating sister chromatids
- sister chromatids pulled to opposite ends of the cell
- sister chromatids now referred to as chromosomes
4) Telophase
- chromosomes decondense to form chromatin
- two new nuclear membranes form for each daughter cell
- nucleoli reappear and spindle fibres disappear
- cell elongates and cleavage furrow forms ready for cytokinesis
Continuity of Life:
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Cell Cycle:
- G1 Phase (first growth phase - cell growth)
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- grows and carries out normal tasks
- Ends with DNA beginning to duplicate
- S Phase (synthesis phase - DNA replication)
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- G2 Phase (second growth phase - prep for mitosis)
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- cell duplicates into daughter cells
- occupies most of the cell cycle, no internal changes visible
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- new proteins are produced
- cell organelles are replaced