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“Basic concepts and curricular Theory” - Coggle Diagram
“Basic concepts and curricular Theory”
Pedagogy studies education as a complex and multi-referential phenomenon, which gathers knowledge from other sciences and disciplines, specifically those ones related to history, sociology, psychology and politics.
Education aims to incorporate subjects into a specific society that has its own cultural patterns and characteristics
PLATO
The center of Plato's philosophy is his theory of forms or ideas.
His idea of knowledge, his ethical theory, his psychology, his concept of the State and his conception of art must be understood from that perspective.
Plato wondered about the characteristics that a just society should possess, which, in turn, led him to the description of his utopia
ARISTOTLE
His reflection dealt with all the main areas of philosophy
Aristotle's philosophy will dominate Western thought, both philosophical and scientific, until the emergence of new systems in the Renaissance (Galileo) and the Modern Age
Without these new philosophies, they suppose the complete disappearance of the idea of the world and of the basic concepts proposed 2,000 years before by Aristotle.
KANT
He believed that pedagogy seeks to transform the spontaneous process of education into systematic knowledge.
The Education Science is
Physical education:
is the time when the student must show passive submission and obedience in this first one a mechanical force governs an rests on exercise and discipline
Practical education:
is when the student is allowed to make use of his capacity for reflection and his freedom which is determined or guided by the laws that rule society. A moral force is always present and based on maxims.
MONTESSORI
she concluded that the development of the child in school is better in a loving environment adapted to the child's world with abundant materials that can be manipulated, with teachers as guides and respecting the sensitive periods of the child.
In 1907
, she founded the first Children's House, in San Lorenzo, Rome
was a practical living area, a house made to the scale of the little ones, where they practiced hygiene and manners.
The slogan was:
"the child, guided by an inner teacher works tirelessly with joy to build man"
JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU
The "liberator of the child and as the father of modern progressive education”.
He advised to "fix your eyes on nature, follow the path set by it", especially in the upbringing of children, the laws of Nature, prevented They should not contradict.
He should not be taught anything until he was ready to learn - the first years were spent playing and taking walks in the fields and forests
For Rousseau the process of education in a child must start from the understanding the nature of the child, knowing his interests and particularities because the child has a perception of the natural world around him, consequently it is wrong to make him know the world at this stage from explanations or books.
If through sensations the child knows the world around him, observation and experimentation are defined as the path by which the child begins to apprehend the world around him.
