Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Feminism II - Coggle Diagram

- - - - draw from 2nd wave feminism and post-structuralist language theories
      - critique male modes of speaking and thinking that exclude the feminine
      - look at binary logic that associates everything non logic with the feminine and excludes it
      - critique the phallogocentrism: legitimizes male domination
        
        language centered around and the symbol of the phallus
  - - - transgression of genre boundaries
      - openness, fluidity
      - nonlinear narration
        
        lack of closure
      - dialogicity
      - syntagmatic and grammatical ruptures
      - based on a principle of exhaustion, movement and liveness (breathless language)
  - - - The realm of the body, is seen as somehow immune to social and gender conditioning and able to issue forth a pure essence of the feminine
        
        but what about femininity as a social construct? (Feminist core concept)
        
        constructivism
        
        a belief in the social construction of things
        
        women are defined/ constructed by gender roles imposed on them
        
        women construct their own identities - female agency
      - is
        
        a belief in the real, true essence of thing
        
        a belief that things have invariable, fixed properties
        
        women are women because they can give birth to children
- - - - grammatical subject of a sentence, active agent
        
        passive, subject being
        
        Foucault: Subjects are constructed by discourses that assign subject positions and limit what can be said and thought
- - - - does not focus exclusively on women
        
        tackles a lot of issues like...
        
        the social construction of gender differences
        
        the relations between the genders
        
        the gender-biases of the natural sciences
        
        sexuality as a social practice
        
        the relations between gender, race, and class
        
        relations between sex and gender
  - - - biological: sexual organs, hormones, genes etc
    - - social and cultural category - gender norms and roles, socialisation etc
  - - - Performative
        
        performing an action
        
        e.g. "I do" "I object"
        
        Gender is Performative: it is not what one is but what one does
        
        it is constructed by repeated acts that depend on social norms/conventions
        
        Gender repeats prior norms and acts with a difference
        
        no free choice of gender (roles): they all take place within the gender matrix
        
        Framework of previous performances of gender
      - Constantive
        
        make a statement about the world that is either true or false
        
        e.g. "This table is brown"
        
        but all language is performative (J.L.Austin)
        
        affirmations/ declarations = all language is action
    - - Reiteration: repetition with a difference is a site of resistance
        
        e.g. gay people reappropriating the term queer
- - - - focuses on the mind
      - associates the mind with men and the body with women
    - - explores the relationship between language and body
  - - - related to grammar and structure
      - gives
    - - is a discharge of bodily drives in language
      - is indefinite and fluid
      - gives language a sound, rhythm, and movement
      - is related to the maternal body and the child's relation to the maternal body
      - precedes the symbolic
        
        has emancipatory potential; it is a site for the subversion of the rigid symbolic order
    - - how Western culture represses the semiotic dimension of language
        
        how experimental, avant-garde writers re-inject the semiotic into language to subvert the symbolic order
        
        Writers like Joyce, Kafka, Mallarmé, Stein revolutionised the language
- - - - replaces it with a poststructuralist/constructivist view of gender that opposed (deconstructs) the gender binary
        
        challenges 2nd wave's focus on middle class white women to include women of color and all classes.