Fungi kingdom
unicellular fungi
multicellular
fungus with one cell are called yeasts
they can look like plants
have many cells
eq: mushroooms
yeasts grow in soil, plant surfaces, human body
major characteristics of fungi
cross walls
hyphae
cell wall
made out of chitin: string flexible polysaccharide
both are heterotrophs and eukaryotes
tubelike filaments
basic structural units for multicellular fungi
they grow at the tip of their branch to form a netlike mass called mycelium
grows underground
its very packed in some fungi, cant see them
the fruiting body is the part above the ground, its function is reproduction
septa: divided hyphae into cells by cross walls.
they have large pores to let in nutrients, cytoplasm, organelles and sometimes nuclei to flow between cells
aseptate: no septa, nutrients & cytoplasm flow freely in the hyphae
aseptate's condition results in repeated mitosis without cytokinesis
nutrition in fungi
saprophytic fungi
all are heterotrophs, their enzymes break the food down then to be absorbed in their thin cell walls
parasitic fungi
mutualistic fungi
feeds on dead organisms/organic wastes
decomposers and recycle
absorb nutrients from living cells of another organism (host)
they produce haustoria which grows in the hosts cells to absorb
the mycelia of the fungi goes on the plant's roots and covers it and takes nutrients
2 organisms benefit from each other for fungi its with plants and alga
reproduction
budding
for yeasts/unicellular
reproduce asexually
new cell forms while attached to the parent cell, the plasma membrane pinches it off to partially separate the after maturity they separate
fragmentation
form of asexual reproduction
when the mycelium is broken down/fragmented, the fragment lands in a good environment and grows into a new mycelia
spore reproduction
spore is a haploid reproductive cell with a hard outercoat
spores are part of asexually and sexually reproduction
spores develop into a new organism with the fusion if the gametes