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THE DICTATORSHIP OF PRIMO DE RIVERA
Alfonso XIII
accepted the dictatorship
Primo de Rivera was named
president of the government
The dictatorship was supported
by almost all of the social sectors:
business owners
who believed it would restore order
the church
the army
while the socialist trade unions
hoped Primo de Rivera
would introduce
social
labour
reforms
In 1923
General Miguel Primo de Rivera
led a military coup
established a
right- wing dictatorship
He claimed
that only a dictatorship
could put an end
which had emerged
during the reign of
Alfonso XIII
to the problems
Domestic policy:
the Patriotic Union
became the official party
of the dictatorship
Its objective was
to re-establish order
by eradicating terrorism
from anarchist groups
nationalism
it dissolved
the Mancomunidad
de Cataluña
banned nationalist symbols
such as:
flags
hymns
suppressing demonstrations
the PCE
the CNT
were declared illegal
From 1928 onwards
Primo de Rivera's
dictatorship
faced growing opposition
There was opposition
from the army
because he decreed
a new promotion system
based on merit
rather than seniority
Political parties
opposed him
because they wanted
to restore a
parliamentary system
The situation
was made worse
caused
unemployment
social unrest
by the economic crisis of 1929
Finally
the king withdrew
his support
for the dictator
in January 1930
Primo de Rivera
resigned
a constitutional monarchy
was restored
The economy:
A plan was implemented
to build large public works
such as:
hydroelectric
power stations
reservoirs
canals
roads
ports
railways
These works helped
create employment
State monopolies
were also set up
such as:
the Compañía Telefónica
1924
petrol distribution company
CAMPSA
1927
Foreign policy:
the dictatorship
won a definitive victory
in the war
in Morocco
after the success
of the landing of
Spanish troops
at Alhucemas
in 1925
For the first time in history
the air force
navy
ground troops
staged a coordinated attack
This victory increased
the dictatorship's prestige
