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Main Characteristics of Stalin's Rule In Russia - Coggle Diagram
Main Characteristics of Stalin's Rule In Russia
totalitarian state
rights to vote, soviets, district and provincial, congress of soviets
freedom of speech, freedom of the press, right to work and education
totalitarian real power lay with party
party of intelligentsia- controlled radio, press and industry
secret police. OGPU-NVKD.
army. many army commanders party members, politital commisars ensured policy was followed
cult of personality
deliberately promoted worship
history rewitten to make hero of october revolution and civil war
statues, photographs and pictures
cities and streets
propaganda made equal of lenin, and soon exceeded lenin
treated like a god
five year plans
began 1928, new economic policy gone, replaced with centrally planned economy. forced economic growth
take greater control of economy, make up for lack of grain produced, modernise russia to catch up with western world
central planning commission- Gosplan
first plan focused on heavy industry-
second plan also on heavy industry but greater focus on metal works especially railway, moscow underground, increased focus on armaments
third plan cut short due to german invasion 1941
transformed russia- 2nd largest economy in world
states authority and power had allowed forced industrialisation
stalin's plan came at cost to the workers
forced labour from gulags. canal from Baltic sea to white sea
Collectivisation
produce more grain to feed workers in industrial towns, communists didnt like new economic plan as created kulaks, would put communist ideas in practice
combine farms into collectives called , which were owned and run by peasants.
some farms were combined into state farms, called , and peasants were hired to work on them.
they hired machinery from machine tractor stations and had to sell quotas to the government at low prices
widespread resistance to collectivisation, kulaks slaughtered their animals and burnt or hid their crops rather than give them up
famine in 1932, killed 6 mllion people
retalation against kulaks- grain seized and sent to gulags
concessions made- small plots of private land
in 1940, 97% of farms collectivised
10 million killed as a result of collectivisation
helped economic growth
collectives still inefficient
the great purge
1936, kirov
informers everywhere, no one was safe
NVKD arrested millions
enemies critiisced policy and feared Trotsky was plotting against him
assasin and thirteen others connected were shot, along wiht over a hundred unconnected
over next year, witch hunt through the party, hundreds arrested
between 1936 and 1938 millions of ordinary russians arrested