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war for independence was more than boston tea party - Coggle Diagram
war for independence was more than boston tea party
What preceded
Stamp act - the preparation page 4
Who
british parliament upon american colonies
greenville minister
McCulloh - draft
Kempe - accpted draft - more moderate
When
1765
proposed already in 1722
What
Taxation
Stamp act - Ramsay 55
They rebelled because they could, not because it would influenced them - they were Americans and they did not approve taxes - really important impulse
They felt like uk is dependent on them not vice versa
taxation
selling stamps for legal items
What actually happened
reorganization because of debt after war with france
part of greenvilles plan for devising a coherent imperial system
conflict of rights - constitutional X colonies developed and required self-government
opposition - mainly land-owners whose holdings would decrease in value - page 18, colonial governments, merchants
the act which both colonies and britain would benefit from was forgotten because it led to questioning parliamentary right
sugar act
economy p 11 - molasses act
currency act - economy page 12
tea act - the economy page 13
navigation act -
navigation acts article
sons of liberty - article sons
funeral of liberty
after stamp act they searched for more support, they appointed commitee, opposition to any who would enforce stamp act, campaign, war on all stamped paper
they emerged after the stamp act, maybe before, casual people - merchants, teachers - they had one leader in each city and secret group -> radicals, demonstrations, opposition, they called themselves Liberty Boys
colonies needed UK support to survive, later they started trade with other coutnries like france and netherlands and so parliament released navigation act
the commerce was solely with britain
whigs -patriots - war was to end the oppression by uk, liberty and justice for americans
later they argued about economic reasons - after seven years war, exploitation
50:50 loyalists: patriots before 1776
loyalists - farmers, slaves, merchants tied to britain
patriots - mercahnts, planters, artisans, journeymen
us were meant to be subordinate
no competition with french or dutch but competition with britain
pressure on boston merchants who were not radical enough
prohibiton of manufacturing certain products - iron ware, woollen textilea, hats, others were protected - turpentine distilling, shipbuilding
navigation acts and economy are however poorly mentioned in declaration of independenec - beucase for mmost americans they were good - lowered prices of tobacco and rice
economy page 15
reasons
Dependence on uk :
David Ramsay - p52/3 - they claimed they birthright not o be taxed if they don't consent
But uk claimed togive them full liberty togovern themself - Ramsay page 53
Uk as their mother, subordinate ramsa 53
Ramsay 53 felt grateful, good overweight the evil
Ramsay 53 - factors
Distance
Religion - us protestants -> liberty
Tend to like liberating books
Since they established colonies they had democratic thoughts
Majority were farmers - they only depend on God not customers nor government
Ramsay 67 magna charta - no taxation without representation
Ramsay 67 - new stories about foundation
The impact page 6 - British parliament had power over their foreign policy, taxes, defense
Import of East India tea - Ramsay 57
Import of tea, fear of merchants of losing profit so they refused British tea, smuggling
Tea act
The impact page 4 - revolution as a consequence of enlightenment - improving of human life on Earth,, free speech and press
Other attempts for indepence
The impact page 6 - civil war between Whigs and tories
Class division - the impact page 5 - small farmers X landholders
economic p 8/9 - they felt like slaves, uk underlined their right to colonize, they felt they treated them worse than negroes
economy page 10 - britain required support in seven year war
What it caused
Independece - the impact p9
Each colony was final legislative power - the impact page 7 - foreign policy - Congress,defense - continental army and state militia, the land used to be inheritable only as a whole, Jefferson urged equality of opportunity
Religious freedom
Change of criminal law
Public tax supported education
Impact on french revolution - Jefferson and Lafayette
Creating army - meaning large
Other attempts - the impact page 16
France
Latina merica
Three kinds of peopel after tea act Ramsay 57
Those who immediately wanted to stop trade
Those who wished other solutions, they should know their rights before other measures
Those who were submitted to mother land
Bancroft - Ramsay 61 - revolution as god's plan
independce - new directions article
revolutoiin being process not event
desire to rearrange political and social structures and to establush legitimacy of structures they created
national identity article
new sense of nationalism - continental thinkingq
localism was overcome, they got to know their similarities
originally resistance movement against legislation -> war
before revolution they were thinking mainly about their closest surroundings, they did not feel like nation
inter-state animosity
antipathy towards continent - disobedience when it came to recruiting to continental army, those who joined it were blamed for others who did not, they were generally treated poorly
united by the common enemy for now but what then
declaration - international law article
for drafters the important part was they have right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
it was meant for all mankind
the declaration was followed by scary silence - mainly from france who they considered an ally
british government could not answer directly and officially, that would mean they approve it
Boston tea party - dutch article
Tea act 1773
no new taxes - they get the tax money back when shipping to colonies - tea would be cheaper for americans, EIC sent some ships to boston to start the trade - the tea should be cheaper than dutch and other colonies would smuggle from boston, sons of liberty needed to prevent the incoming of tea
the sons threaten boston not to keep buying dutied tea - but boston comrades were not allowing any more tea - they could send it to britain or destroy it like others
they eventually did not do anything - the tea was there waiting to be dutied, last chance to do something, they did not let the boat leave, they disguised as mohawks and they dumped the tea into sea? (value 9.659 pounds) -> boston tea party emmerged from local smugglers and merchants interests, boston looked like the agressor, dutch did not interfere much since then
the merchants did not anticipate the results, there also remained the supporters of government
smuggling
easier after sugar act 1764 and stamp act 1765
NYC smugglers were dependent on dutch trade - prefered tea - light-weighted and precious, dutch trade meant also northern europe
1767 . indemnity act - removed inland duty on tea - cheaper to import to america - in uk the tea became cheaper
Revenue act - taxation of tea - it seemed to only help smugglers
this only helped the radicals who were forming since stamp act - they were encourigind "no taxation without representation" p8, they were organizing boycots and protests - american sons of liberty - they believed it was harmful
1767 - the townshend act
why boston
rather NY ot philadelhia
boston kept importing british tea
but... boston was importing greatly from england and reshiped to other colonies, yet smugglers were dominating tea import to us
first incident - delaware river from chester to philadephia - customs officers being attacked, but they noticed thst their "black" attackers are in disguise - they stole tea and wine
boston kept importing from britain which made other colonies angry, because they were boycotting england
complaining about EIC monopoly and unjust taxation