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The Living Environment pt1 - Coggle Diagram
The Living Environment pt1
Living Organisms affect each other in search for their requirements
Food
Shelter
Mates
Sometimes assist each other
Sometimes compete with each other
Sometimes harm each other
Competition
• Where organisms need the same resource they compete for it
• Competition happens between same species and different species
e.g. Pine trees planted in an area all need the same minerals from the soil. If there is a limited amount, each tree will only be able to absorb a small amount.
• Many animals establish territories
Territory is usually defended by the male
Predation
• Predation is a feeding relationship where one organism kills and eats another
• The attacker is the predator
• The one being eaten is the prey
• Some plants eat animals e.g. Venus Flytrap
• One difficult feeding relationship is where herbivores eat only part of a plant, rather than killing the whole plant. Usually still called predation
Mutualism
• Mutualism is a relationship where two organisms live closely to benefit each other
○ Fungi + Algae living together
○ Algae produce food while the fungi absorb water + minerals
Parasitism
• Parasites are organisms that live on or in another organism and feed off it
• Tapeworms are parasites of humans
• The organisms cannot survive without the organism in which it lives
• The parasite usually harms the host but rarely kills it
Some examples include ticks, fleas, leeches, mistletoe, and the Western Australian Christmas tree
Commensalism
• Commensalism is a relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unharmed
○ Some types of anemone fish, called clown fish, show commensalism
○ These fish feed on leftover food in return for protection from predators