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Chapter 19 - Music Therapy with Older Adults (first half) - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 19 - Music Therapy with Older Adults (first half)
Aging process :recycle:
What age is considered "older adults"?
60-65 for the purpose of the chapter
However, there is no specific definition for "older adults" in general
Primary aging
Your body aging
Intrinsic changes due to biological aging
Secondary Aging
How your lifestyle effects your body's aging
Extrinsic factors such as
Enviornmental
social
disease processes
Physical changes :silhouettes:
Skin
impacts what instruments might be played
Hearing
:warning: Consider :WArning: your environment / visual cues / hearing devices / spoken and musical sounds
Vision
make sure there's enough lighting for participants to see
Tactile percetion
Approach older adults from the front; provide blankets in case they're cold; etc
Central nervous system
Cell integrity changes due to aging process, and additional neurological disorders may occur
Musculoskeletal System
Consider the size and weight of the instruments they are working with. Participant may have wrist injuries, etc.
Cardiovascular system
Use relaxation techniques to assist with self management for the participant
Respiratory system
relaxation, singing, and wind instruments may assist with breathing strength
Endocrine System
(regarding diabetes) - exercise is a key strategy for managing diabetes - use music to encourage physical movement/exercise
Cognitive Changes with Aging / Neurocognitive disorders (NCD)
Delirium
Usually reversible
Changes attention, focus and maintaining or shifting attention
not aware of the environment
May re-use the same answer for a previous question
Can be highly irritable / emotionally unstable
Dementia
Blanket term for symptoms that effect cognitive tasks
Stages of Dementia
Middle or moderate stage
Forgetful of recent events, people's names, places
depression / social withdrawal
Personality changes, irritability, anxiety
Communication challenges
risk of falling
Needs assistance with daily living
Late or severe stage
Complete or almost complete dependence on other for care
unaware of time and place
inability to swallow
quickly fluctuating behaviour / mood
Does not recognise family
Difficulty walking
inability to communicate
loss of bladder and bowel control
Early or mild stage
forgetful
demonstrates personality and behaviour change
takes longer to complete activities
trouble with memory / paying bills / etc
becomes lost
repeats questions
Alzheimers
Alzheimers comes under dementia.
makes up 60-80% of NCDs
Depression and overall mental health well-being
Depression often goes undiagnosed due to other more pressing illnesses the patient may be dealing with.
1 in 10 older adults are at risk of dealing with some kind of abuse
Can cause a great number of issues for the patient including: weight loss or gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, decreased interest in activities, etc.
Psychosocial changes with aging
Retirement can be both positive and negative, as it can be the loss of a form of socialising
Ageism can have an impact on the Quality of life
"Eldertalk" which is similar to "babytalk" can cause older adult to feel patronized and disrespected.