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Knowledge-based systems and multi-agent environments - Coggle Diagram
Knowledge-based systems and multi-agent environments
Logical Agents
Humans - not just reflex reactions
Reasoning based on internal representations of knowledge
Pathfinding agents limited
Need a knowledge base
Knowledge Base
Sentence - assertion about the world
AXIOM if given not derived
Knowledge representation language
Add sentence and query knowledge base - TELL and ASK
May involve inference
Action
Declarative approach with TELL and ASK
When the agent is called,
TELL knowledge base what it perceives
ASK knowledge base what action to perform
TELL knowledge base what action was chosen
Example - Wumpus World Game
Performance measure
+1000 is gets gold, -1000 if if eaten by wumpus or falls into pit etc.
Environment
4x4 grid, Random gold and Wumpus etc.
Actuators
Grab gold, shoot, climb etc.
Sensors
FEEL bump, HEAR scream, SMELL Wumpus, SEE Gliter etc.
Multi-Agent Environments
Planning
Cooperation and coordination as each agent makes its own plan
Convention
A particular way things are usually done
Communication
Evolution
Biological Examples
Feeding frenzy
Honey bee swarm
Ants - self-organisation
Migration
Salmon run
Bats in evening
Zebra stripes
Boids Model
Originally developed by Craig Reynolds
The purpose of it was to replicate the behavior of flocks of birds
Consist of 3 steering behaviors
Separation - Avoid crowding
Alignment - Head in average direction
Cohesion - Move towards average position
EMERGENCE
Emergence occur sometimes by learning from other with in a group. For an example, when an agent interacts with another, the patterns can be observed. Those observation can be then used in future interactions. Therefore, it is a behavior that rises with interactions in complex multi-agent environments.
Cellular Automata
Computer Viruses
Human Diseases
Generative Music
Collective intelligence
Decision-making in everything from bacteria to humans
Neural networks - adaptive systems - natural intelligence, not AI (rule-based learning)
Finding patterns in data
Web Links
http://www.ted.com/talks/joshua_klein_on_the_intelligence_of_crows.html
http://www.red3d.com/cwr/boids/
http://www.math.com/students/wonders/life/life.html
http://opensteer.sourceforge.net/