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chemical tests - Coggle Diagram
chemical tests
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halide ions
add dilute nitric acid and then silver nitrate solution to the solution containing the suspected halide and identify by the colour of the precipitate
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cations tests
copper II, iron II, iron III
add a few drops of aqueous sodium hydroxide to a solution to a solution of the unknown substance and identify the metal ion by the colour of the precipitate
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ammonium
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if ammonium ions are present a gas is evolved, which is pungent and turns damp red litmus paper blue
flame test method
clean a nichrome wire in the Bunsen burner with HCl. Then add some solid metal to the wire and place it back in the Bunsen burner
sulfate ions
add dilute hydrochloric acid and barium chloride solution to the unknown solution and a thick white precipitate confirms the presence of a sulfate
carbonate ions
add dilute hydrochloric acid and barium chloride solution to the unknown solution. a thick white precipitate confirms the presence of a sulfate
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