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Biopsychology - Coggle Diagram
Biopsychology
Synaptic transmission
Labels:
- Axon terminal
- Neurotransmitter
- Dendrite
- Receptor sites
- Synaptic cleft
- Vesicle
Process:
1. An electrical impulse travels down the presynaptic neuron
2. The electrical current causes the vesicles to move to the ends of the axon where the neurotransmitter is released and diffuses across the synaptic cleft
3. The neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the receiving neuron, this triggers a new impulse which travels down the postsynaptic neuron
4. The neurotransmitter is released from the receptor and reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron or broken down by proteins
Action potential: The electrical impulse in a neuron. When enough neurotransmitter binds to the receptor sites, an action potential fires in the receiving neuron.
Excitatory: Neurotransmitters which create excitatory impulses and increase the likelihood of the postsynaptic neuron firing. E.g. adrenaline causes excitatory impulses in the nervous system increasing heart rate.
Inhibitory: Neurotransmitters which create inhibitory impulses and decrease the likelihood of the postsynaptic neuron firing. E.g. GABA causes inhibitory impulses and has a calming effect after fight of flight.
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Anatomy of a neuron
- Nucleus
- Dendrites
- Cell body
- Myelin sheath
- Node of ranvier
- Axon
- Terminal button