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(Types of substances, Part 1) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - An atom is made from 3 subatomic particles ;: protons , neutron and electron. Protons have mass of 1 , a charge of +1. Neutrons have a mass of 1 , a charge of 0 whilst electrons are negatively charged (-1) , and have the mass of 1/1835.
      - Most of the mass in an element is concentrated in the nucleus. the mass is always in the center and the mass number is always the one on the top of the periodic table square.
      - The bottom number always the bottom of protons. To work out the neutron number , you always take away the atomic number from the mass number.
    - - The first shell can hold 2 electrons.
      - The second shell can only hold 8 electrons and so on.
      - Electrons are represented by the atomic number as electrons and protons are balanced. An atom has no charge.
      - The number of electrons on the outer shell tells you what group it is in.
      - The shells it has tells you the period it is in.
    - - An isotope is a substance with the same number of protons but different number of nuetrons.
      - The relative atomic mass is the average mass of all the isotopes.