Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Modern Surgery - Coggle Diagram
Modern Surgery
Lasers
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
1960
Transformed the way surgery was performed
More effective at cutting tissue
Less bleeding
Greater precision
Deeper
Seal blood vessels
Delicate and complex surgeries
Reopen blocked arteries
Ruby Laser
1962
Could destroy eye tumors
Range of uses
Dentistry
Eye surgery
Over 1000 procedures are carried out each year
Lasers permanently change the shape of the cornea and lens
Remove cataracts
Detached retinas
No need for anaesthetics
Cancer treatment
Skin cancer treatment
Brain tumour treatment
Detect types of cancer
Cosmetic surgery
Acne treatement
Tattoo removal
Rejuvenates skin
Radiation Therapy
Treat/control cancer
Reduces tumour size
Destroys the remains of a tumour
Treats benign tumours
Treats thyroid disease
Been used for over 100 years
Advanced through the work of Marie Curie
Discovered polonium and radium
1898
Used in many treatments in 1920s
Dangers were unknown
CT scans
Godfrey Hounsfield
Combined X-rays
Detailed imagery of internal organs
Detect tumours
Technology
Improvements in AI
The Da Vinci Surgical System
Translates hand movement into something more minute and precise
Complex operations
3D printing
Braces
Prosthetics
Hearing aids
More affordable
Electrocardiograph
1903
William Einthoven
Effectively monitors heart rate
Artificial kidney machine
1943
Willem Kolf
Saves lives
1980s MRI
Radio waves
Strong magnets
identifies tumours, strokes, inflammation, infection and abnormalities
Magnetic Resonance Imagery
Keyhole Surgery
Fibre optics
Endoscopes
Cameras
Computers
Small incision of a few centimeters
less chance of infection