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Moral and Ethical Student Development - Coggle Diagram
Moral and Ethical Student Development
College Student Development
[Pre-Conventional Thought]
Students typically enter college with a binary perspective on right and wrong. New social norms. Ambiguity is threatening. Constructive criticism is an attack on their beliefs and worldview.
[Conventional Thought]
Students consider and learn to respect rules obtained from new social groups and extra-curricular organizations. Academic rigor increases with complex thought.
[Post-Conventional Thought]
Higher education institutions are responsible for creating graduates capable of constructing and evaluating complex moral and ethical dilemmas to face global problems
Key Terms
and Constructs
Moral Development
Characteristic of complex cognitive development in the ability to evaluate moral decisions.
Based on “Ethics”, which are "a set of moral principles used by an individual that provide a framework for behavior."
Comparison to Gilligan's Theory
Though influential, Kohlberg's work found women to lack the abilities to progress beyond Stage 3.
Gilligan argued that traits traditionally assigned to women -- "care for and sensitivity to others" -- make them particularly suited for moral development.
Gilligan created a model of morality not bound by gender with levels reflecting Kohlberg's. Individuals progress from decision-making skills based on self-interest; to the community, and ultimately to a larger universal truth.
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Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development
Level 2: Conventional
Decisions shaped by societal views of fairness.
Stage 4: Authority and Social Order
Awareness of the rules of broader society. Concerned with upholding conventional law and order. "How can I maintain the status quo?"
Stage 3: Interpersonal Accord and Conformity
Unquestioned acceptance of social rules/norms. Concerned with the approval of peers and inner community. "What will others think of me?"
Level 3: Post-Conventional
Decisions shaped by self-chosen principles of justice.
Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles
Separating the individual perspective from society's rules. Prepared to defend personal moral guidelines on fairness. "What abstract principles serve
my
understanding of justice?"
Stage 5: Social Contract
Laws may serve a purpose, but to who's benefit? Considering exceptions and alternatives to society's rules. "Does this rule truly serve all?"
Level 1: Pre-Conventional
Decisions shaped by direct personal consequences.
Stage 2: Self-Interest
Motivation from potential personal benefit. Concerned with positive outcomes and exchange of rewards. "What's in it for me?"
Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment
Strictly rule-following mentality. Sense of right and wrong directly linked with fear of negative consequences. "How can I avoid getting in trouble?"