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Introduction to Artificial Intelligence - Coggle Diagram
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
What is intelligence?
one's capacity for logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, planning, creativity and problem solving.
the ability to perceive information, and to retain it as knowledge to be applied towards adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.
“the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations”
Applications of AI
Recommendation systems - eBay, Amazon
Computer vision, virtual reality, and image processing
Speech recognition
Face recognition
Data analytics and statistical learning
Spam filtering
Handwriting and optical character recognition
Scheduling, e.g. airline routing, military
Route planning, e.g. Google maps
Fraud detection
Automated surveillance
Semantic Web
Two Types of AI
General-purpose AI like the robots of science fiction is incredibly hard
Human brain appears to have lots of special and general functions, integrated in some amazing way that we really do not understand at all (yet)
Special-purpose AI is more doable (nontrivial)
E.g., chess/poker playing programs, logistics planning, automated translation, voice recognition, web search, data mining, medical diagnosis, keeping a car on the road and many others
Disciplines
Economics - game theory
Maths - logic, probability, algorithms, computation
Philosophy - formal rules, knowledge and action
Neuroscience - simple cells become consciousness
Psychology - information processing model
Computer engineering - intelligence + artifact, speed and capacity
Control theory and cybernetics - stable feedback systems
Linguistics - language and thought, NLP, knowledge representation
The foundations of artificial intelligence
Economics - How should we make decisions so as to maximize payoff
Maths - What can be computed
Philosophy - How does knowledge lead to action
Neuroscience - How do brains process information
Psychology - How do humans and animals think and act
Computer engineering - How can we build an efficient computer
Control theory and cybernetics - How can artifacts operate under their own control
Linguistics - How does language relate to thought
Subfields of AI
Computer Vision
Image Processing
Language Understanding (Natural Language Processing)
Speech Processing and Recognition
Machine Learning
Deep Learning
Robotics
Expert Systems
Evolutionary Algorithms (Computing