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Ch.21 Problem solving Procedures - Coggle Diagram
Ch.21 Problem solving Procedures
21.1 Problem-solving concepts
The process of analyzing the description of a problem
21.1.1 the need for a systematic way
can greatly The process of analyzing the description of a problem
21.2 Problem-solving Procedures（程序）（step）
Developing a solution
A problem is divided into some manageable subproblems（子問題）
The solutions to the subproblems join together and become the solution to the overall problem
can avoid making mistakes in the process of developing a
solution
Algorithm(算法） design
Algorithm
to generate(make) a solution to a problem
Pseudocode（偽代碼）
A way to represent an algorithm in narrative(敘述) form
Flowchart（流程圖）
to represent the logic and actions of an algorithm graphically（圖像形式）
Problem analysis
Look into the problem from different perspectives(角度)
Documentation（文件）
user manual（用家說明書）
How to install and start program
Provide the function
How to install and start the program
program manual(for programmers)
Technical detail
Problem statement(陳述）
algorithm
Test data and sample outputs
The needs（需求）
Help programmers maintain the program
users can learn how to use the program
Debugging and testing
ensure(確認) the program is working
Run-time error
Insufficient（不足）system resource, such as out of memory
Logic error
Improper（不當） use of instructions（內容）
Syntax error
E.g the spelling of command words is incorrect
Problem identification
Obtain(獲得) a precise(定義) definition(精確) of problem
21.4 different ways of problem-solving
Top-down approach（方法）
start from the system level
Problem is divided into several smaller and manageable modules
Suitable for large problem
Bottom-up approach
Start from the component level
Basic modules are integrated(融合) to form a larger module
Suitable for small problems