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Mass Media - Coggle Diagram

- - - - provide citizens with information of problems in our society allowing them to make informed choices
      - example: media presence at voting and counting centres is critical to prevent electoral fraud, as measures protecting freedom of speech are guaranteed, and the media are free to act independently and with impartiality
      - authoritarian-leaning governments in places like Poland and Hungary seek to silence or capture media outlets
        
        China tech crackdown: internet watchdog visits social media firm Douban to correct 'severe online chaos'
  - - - examples
        
        watergate
        
        jamal khashoggi's assassination
        
        harvey weinstein sexual assault
        
        uyghur’s treatment
      - shed light on illegal and unethical practices of businesses, government, police and other public figures
        
        loopholes, scandals and other concerns
    - - protects democracy on a day-to-day basis, calling out bad behavior when it happens.
- - - - Career pathways
      - World events,, which then contributed to greater general knowledge among individuals
      - Scientific knowledge
      - Ways to care for one's health --> especially observed during the pandemic
      - Alternative study options. People could take online courses on Coursera for instance. Hence, it makes education more accessible to people, hence raising the probability of someone getting educated.
  - - - Ensures rapid dissemination of info regarding crises and disasters. This ensures that people are aware of the situation and the government's actions in response to the crisis (which are preferably action that seek to minimize losses and prevent future losses), thus strengthening the gov-people relationship.
      - Enables communication of info regarding gov's policies and campaigns. This strengthens the relationship between the gov and its people as it shows that the gov is listening to the requests of the people and is seeking to bring about positive change (assuming the policies and campaigns are effective and appropriate)
    - - Mass media provides a platform for people to express discontent regarding issues or circumstances they face
        
        Leads to buildup of dissent among people that erodes the trust they might initially have had in the government, weakening the relationship between the gov and people.
      - They can also express their criticism regarding the government's structure, actions and/or attitude towards certain matters.
  - - - Language barriers
        
        Information shared via mass media can easily be translated into many different languages, increasing the access people have to info. This reduces language barriers in society, reducing inequalities in information access.
      - Less-privileged
        
        People can raise awareness on the plight of the less-fortunate in society, reaching large groups through mass media. They can then mobilize their communities to organize food donations drives, for example, making a difference in the lives of the less-privileged.
    - - Information communicated via mass media is vulnerable to distortion via scapegoating, exaggeration, spreading of rumors, social vigilantism & xenophobia
        
        Has the potential to sow discord between different groups of people in society. In serious cases, the more "powerful" group might then subject the less "powerful" group to reduced access to certain items, for instance, as a way of cutting them out of society.
- - - - China: ban/restriction of gaming hours for teens
    - - Economic money churner
      - Fan communities
    - - changed economic model for TV, movies & audio
      - threatened existence of cinemas, CDs, movie premieres etc
      - Spotify a means to counter piracy in the past
  - - - cancel culture
      - "woke" culture
      - slacktivism
    - - body positivity & body shaming
      - fast fashion trends
- - - - Media can influence fashion trends such as Emma Chamberlain’s Instagram post sparked a huge interest in flared yoga pants, turtlenecks, and crewnecks almost overnight.
      - Social media which can be leveraged to spread influence and can reduce frictions and barriers that are in the way of individual action
    - - Social media can also be leveraged in a bad way to increase friction between groups of people
      - When the media influences fashion trends, hence this lead to the trends changing a lot frequently and hence clothes that were bought previously may not be in trend hence these clothes are then wasted leading to environmental problems