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HEALTH EXPENDITURE AND HEALTHCARE FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Coggle Diagram
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AND HEALTHCARE FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
It is any expenditure made within the health care system to protect or restore health
Current expenditures
Continuous
Functioning of the health care system
Capital expenditures
Costs of
Building health care infrastructures
Acquiring equipment
Health accounts and their main aggregates
Current health expenditure
On preventive programs
Related to the operation and development of the health system
Individualized
Total health expenditure
Consumption of health care and medical goods
Patient transport
Outpatient care
Hospital care
Public hospitals
Private clinics
Medicines
Indicators for health system performance comparisons
Real per capitahealth expenditure
Share of health expenditure in gross domestic productt
Expenditure per capita
Mechanisms for financing
Health insurance
Compulsory
Voluntary
Goverment funding
Taxes
Direct
Indirect
Deficit financing
Internal loans
External loans
Direct payments by households
User financial participation in public health facilities
Co-payments
Direct payments
Factors increasing expenditures
Pragmatic reasons
Easy access to abundant medical informations
Increase in the supply of care
Hyperspecialization of the medical professions
Develoment of new drugs
Increase in the number of health professionals
Development of technologies
Diagnostic
Therapeutic
Withdrawal of old drugs
Increase in life expectancy
An aging population
Increased fear of death
Changes in lifestyle
Free care for all
Theoretical reasons
Based on economic theory
Moral hazard
Difficult regulation by the market
Theory of induced demand
Financing arrangements
Pooling funds
Purchase
Fundraising
Compulsory contributions
Taxes
Optional risk-related contributions
Turnover taxes
Optional contributions
Direct payment
Donations
Non-governmental organizations
Agencies
Regulation
The demand for care
aims to
Make the patient accountable
Coercive measures
Incentives
The supply of care
Social objectives
Economic objectives
Medical
Notion of fair care
Accounting
Defining rules for
Resource allocation
Payment
Evaluation