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Congenital abnormalities of the eye - Coggle Diagram
Congenital abnormalities of the eye
Congenital anomalies of the orbit
Anophthalmos:this is absence of the eyeball,it may be a result of failure in the formation of the optic vesicle.
Coloboma:this is a condition where there is a incomplete development of structures due to the foetal cleft not closing during the embryonic stage of development
Microphthalmos: this is a small white that has an abnormal vision and may be associated with other abnormalities such as Coloboma and cataract
Congenital abnormalities of the eyelids
Congenital ptosis: this is a dropping eyelid which is present at birth and which may be due to congenital third nerve palsy
Congenital abnormalities of the lacrimal apparatus
Absence of the lacrimal gland: this is extremely rare
Congenital abnormalities of the sclera: this can occur as a hereditary defects and are characteristically associated with deafness and skeletal weakness
Congenital blockage of the lacrimal duct: this can occur at any sites of the criminal system the most common area for the blockage is at the end of the nasolacriminal duct management include antibiotics and expression of their criminal sex for the first 6 months
Congenital abnormalities of the pupil and iris
Displacement of the pupil: this is usually upward or laterally
Aniridia: this is the absence of the iris and may cause secondary glaucoma and cataract
Abnormalities of the corner
Megalocornea: the cornea is abnormally large and is clear with normal functions this differentiates megalocornea from congenital glaucoma
Congenital abnormalities of the vitreous humour
Persisted hyperplastic primary vitreous humour: this is an important cause of cataracts or glaucoma in children
Congenital abnormalities of the choroid and retina
Chorioretinal scarring: this is often caused by in intrauterine toxoplasmosis resulting in diminished vision
Congenital abnormalities of the optical nerve
Optical nerve hypoplasia: this condition which may be on unilateral or bilateral is a major cause of vision loss in children
Congenital abnormalities of the lens
This is very rare and is a cause of congenital blindness