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Disorders of the nose - Coggle Diagram
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Disorders of the nose
Deviated septum
Pathophysiology
The septum is the cartilage in the nose that separates the nostrils
Severe unevenness is known as a deviated septum
It can cause health complications such as a blocked nostril or difficult brething
Clinical manifestations
Difficult breathing especially through the nose having one side of the nose that easy to break through
Nose bleeding
Snoring or loud breathing during sleep
Nasal congestion or pressure
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Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Ineffective breathing related to nasal obstruction
Impaired swallowing related to pain in the pharynx
Pain related to infection or injury to the nose
Nursing interventions
Increase fluid intake
don't blow your nose elevate your head when you're sleeping avoid strenuous exercises including cardio
wear clothes that fasten in the front instead of pulling over your head
Sinusitis
Pathophysiology
Mucous produced but their sinuses is removed through small openings in the nose called ostia
Inflammation there is edema and increased production of mucus these serve to block the ostia and impair ciliary action
The mucus then accumulates in the sinus causing congestion and with time the mucus becomes infected
Clinical manifestations
Fever and chills along with headaches and facial pains
Which are made worse by bending pain or numbness in the upper teeth and a purulent of discoloured nasal discharge may be present
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Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Acute pain head and throat sinus related to inflammation of the nose
Anxiety related to lack of client knowledge about disease and medication procedures
Nursing interventions
Apply steam inhalations three to four times a day are recommended to loosen secretions
Local heat can be applied on the nose area to reduce oedema
Prescribed antibiotics can be administered to managed infection
Rhinitis
Pathophysiology
All forms of rhinitis cause sneezing ,nasal discharge with nasal congestion and headache
Acute rhinitis usually last 5 to 7 days with or without treatment
Secondary invasion by bacteria May complicates the cold causing pneumonia bronchitis sinusitis
nasal discharge is usually water at the first and only becomes mucoid later
Clinical manifestations
Headache may be pronounced and persisted
in chronic rhinitis acute symptoms are absent
The chief complained is nasal congestion accompanied by a feeling of stuffiness and pressure in the nose
The breath may be foul smelling
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Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Ineffective airway clearance related to obstruction or present of thickness secretions
Disturbed sleep pattern related to obstruction of the nose
Nursing interventions
The patient is usually seen in a primary health care centre in community or outpatient department in the hospital's
nursing care is directed toward patient teaching and home care
Treatment is symptomatic