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Congenital conditions - Coggle Diagram
Congenital conditions
Prevention
Getting the daily recommended amount of vitamins and minerals before and during pregnancy, especially folic acid, which can help prevent birth defects of the brain and spine.
Making sure you are up-to-date on vaccinations. This can help prevent some infections, like rubella, that can cause a congenital condition
Avoiding unnecessary medicine that can cause birth defects. Talk with your healthcare provider about any medications you’re taking to make sure that they’re safe to take while pregnant.
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Avoiding travel to regions experiencing outbreaks of infections, such as the Zika virus.
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Diagnosis
Prenatal tests may include ultrasound, amniocentesis, or chronic villus sampling.
Blood tests may also be done to screen for any risk of specific birth defects like Down syndrome and spina bifida.
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Pathophysiology
The pathology of congenital developmental defects may consist of localized abnormalities in the form of certain parts of the body, of abnormality of an entire type of tissue wherever present in the body, of disturbances in various parts of the body occurring in recognized combinations, or in seemingly random association. Such defects may be a primary manifestation of the action of certain genes noxious agents or they may be secondary to a change produced in another tissue which was the primary target of the responsible agent. Also included as congenital defects may be conditions whose fundamental pathology consists of chromosomal or chemical abnormalities and in which abnormality of form may not exist.