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(Disorders of the external ear and middle ear) - Coggle Diagram
Disorders of the external ear and middle ear
Otitis media
Pathophysiology
In respiratory infections the infective organism ascend along the eustachian tube into the middle ear.
The inflammatory reaction caused by these results in the eustachian tube becomes swollen and blocked.
Which results in a negative pressure in the middle ear.
Clinical manifestations
Is the inflammatory process advances fever increases and hearing decreases
In the presence of perforation should the eardrum perforate there will be a purulent discharge from the ear
Signs and symptoms
Hearing loss low pitched sounds dizziness fatigue
Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Loss of function related to infection
Inflammation manifested by hoarseness and reported hearing loss
Nursing intervention
Encourage patient to rest the affected organ to promote healing
Prescribe otic antibiotics can be administered to clear the infection
Ear canal should be kept clean and dry by wicking
Otitis externa
Pathophysiology
Infection involves the auricle and the external ear canal
Begin in the skin lining of the ear canal and can cause swelling that occludes the canal
Clinical manifestations
Pain tenderness or a pulling feeling on the pinna
serious drainage from the air redness and itching
swelling of the skin lining of the ear the swelling may interfere with the movement of the cilia which transmits sound waves this impacting on hearing
Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Acute pain related to the inflammation of the middle ear
Nursing interventions
Position the patient set up raise head on pillows or lie on an unaffected ear
The nurse should administration of prescribed medication such as in the form of paracetamol and antibiotics to relieve pain
the ear should be kept dry by wicking and discourage straining or nose blow
Otosclerosis
Pathophysiology
There is a progressive loss of stapes movement due to the formation of sclerotic bone
Which fixes the stapes foot plate onto the oval window
Signs and symptoms
Dizziness fatigue or balance problems
Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Risk of fall related to loss of hearing
Nursing interventions
The patient should be referred to audiometric testing order to get an appropriate hearing aid and to be assisted with speech management