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spina bifida - Coggle Diagram
spina bifida
pathophysiology
During prenatal development, neuroectoderm thickens into the neural plate which folds into a neural groove by the time somites appear.
The groove deepens to become the neural tube, and dorsal fusion begins centrally, extending cephalad and caudally, with the cephalad pole fusing at the 25th day.
The ventricle becomes permeable at the 6th to 8th week of gestation but this does not proceed normally in patients with spina bifida.
Neural tube defects are the result of a teratogenic process that causes failed closure and abnormal differentiation of the embryonic neural tube.
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defination
is the malfomation of the spine in which the posterior portion of the lamina of one or more verterbrae fail to develop.
the malfomation can occurs in any region of the spinal cord, but more common in the lumbar or sacral region
signs and symptoms
- protruding defects can be seen on the back
- dimple, lipoma, tuft of hair or port of wine birth mark at the site of the lesion
- neurological disturbances may occur
- paralysis or weakness of the lower limbs
- complete lack of bladder and bowel control