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W9 - 9.4, 9.5 - The OU ENGAGEMENT & DISENGAGEMENT IN TERRORISM -…

- - - - MANY UNANSWERED QU°
  - - - LEADS FURTHER AWAY
        FROM MAINSTREAM
        
        RADICAL POLITICAL OR
        SOCIAL CHANGE
        
        NOT NECESSARILY VIOLENT
        
        IF BELIEF VIOLENCE IS
        JUSTIFIED = VIOLENT RADICALISM
      - Lynch
        
        PROCESS SUPPORT, ENGAGE WITH
        OR CARRY OUT TERRORIST ACT
  - - - NO SINGLE PROFILE
        = ANY BACKGROUND
        OR SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS
      - PUSH FACTORS
        
        CIRCUMSTANCES TAKING SB AWAY
        FROM MAINSTREAM SOCIETY
        
        POVERTY
        
        DISCRIMINAT°
        
        INJUSTICE
      - PULL FACTORS
        
        POSITIVE INCENTIVES MAKING
        INDIVIDUAL ACCEPT VIOLENCE
        
        SENSE OF BELONGING
        
        SHARED IDENTITY
    - - NOT EVERYBODY EXPOSED TO
        TERRORISM ENGAGE WITH IT
        WHY?
    - - FOCUS ON BEHAVIOUR
        & COGNITIVE DECISION-MAKING
        
        ASSUMPT° PPL
        ARE RATIONAL
        
        COSTS / BENEFITS
      - IF THEORY CORRECT
        
        FOR PPL TO DISENGAGE =
        LOWER BENEFITS & INCREASE COSTS
    - - eg AL-QAEDA
        
        ATTACK PERCEIVED
        ENNEMY OF ISLAM
      - 'EVIL' = DEHUMANISE;
        EASIER TO HEARM
        
        US vs THEM
- - - - CONTEST Programme
        4PTVR
        
        PREVENT
        programme
        
        ACT ON PUSH / PULL FACTORS
        
        CRITICISM
        
        MUSLIMS = SUSPECT
        COMMUNITY
        
        Taylor
        
        DOC ANALYSIS =
        POTENTIELLY ALIENATING
        (potentially push factor)
    - - PUSH FACTORS
        
        ISSUES WITH THE GROUP
        
        DISAPPOINTMENT TO EXPECTAT°
        
        IDEOLOGY UNCERTAINTY
      - PULL FACTORS
        
        FACTORS FROM
        OUTSIDE THE GROUP
      - ENTIRE GROUP
        FALLING APART
        
        Feddes
        
        PERCEIVED FAILURE,
        ISSUES IN THE GROUP
        
        LAW, GOV POLICIES...
      - GERMAN APPROACH
        (Daniel Koehler)
        
        DISMANTLE IDEOLOGY
        
        RESPONSES OTHER
        THAN VIOLENCE