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Atypical development pg 98 - Coggle Diagram
Atypical development pg 98
ADHD
Thapar &
Cooper 2016
interplay between biological & enironment
neurobiology structural functional differences of the pfc - cognition/working memory
biopsychosocial model
ASD
Causes
Cognitive theories
Theory of Mind deficits
Baron-Cohen, 1989, Rajendran & Mitchell, 2007
Executive dysfunction
Ozonoff et al 1991, Demetriou et al 2017
Weak central coherence theory
Happe & Frith 2006
Genetics & mutations
MONOGENIC ASD
heritability
100 genes
many excitatory/inhibitory
deletion/mutation SHANK3
Phelan-McDermid syndrome
Environmental
factors
parental age
prenatal factors child and mother
valproate epilepsy drug
low birth weight
postnatal early deprivation
% Unknown -
IDIOPATHIC ASD
Biological
different neural structures
gut-brain axis
gene
environment
interaction
interplay between (Mandy & Lai 2016)
Masi
et al 2017
Intellectual
Disability
Disorder
intellectual
functioning
reasoning
problem solving
abstract thinking
IQ 70 or lower
adaptive
functioning
skills needed to live independently
self care
social skills
receptive communication
Vineland adaptive inventory?
may be a physical characeristic disability (eg Downs)
Causes
environmental factors,
prenatal factors
brain malformations
maternal disease
eg drug/alcohol consumption
genetic &
physiological
gene mutations eg Fragile X
developmental trajectory
severe ID identifiable in first 2 years
mild-moderate may not be evident until school age
lifelong, condition specific, severity may change
onset in development period (not specified)
prevalence 1% (more males)
Dyslexia
Chapter 2 downloaded
& Notes
Phonological deficit?
grapheme to phoneme
Visual theories?
magnocellular visual processing
"other?"
cerebellar brain functions
Specific
Learning
Difficulties
types
dyscalculia
dyslexia
dysgraphia
learning disorder
not otherwise specified
higher risk in prem/low birth
prevalence 5% (more males)
normal IQ
Motor disorders
developmental
co-ordination
disorder
Tic
disorders
stereotypic
movement
disorder
Williams syndrome
Prader Willi
Downs
Other Influences
Bioecological
Systems
Theory
environment
cultural attitudes/ideologies
extended family/neighbours
family, school, services, peers
Attachment disorders
ACE
differences in
cultural development
Assessment implications
(play-based)
dexterity
cultural
attention
attachment
personality
emotional
Sensory
reactivity page 101 notebook