Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
HAEMORRHAGE - Coggle Diagram
HAEMORRHAGE
Subdural haematoma
Definition
Collection of blood outside the brain
Clinical manifestations
Weakness
Confusion
Nausea and vomiting
Dizziness
Headache
Change in behaviour
Causes
Blood thinners
Head injury
Bleeding disorder
Risk factors
Head injury
Aspirin
Anti coagulants
Seizure disorders
Diagnostic studies
Angiography
CT scan
MRI scan
Management
Surgical
Craniectomy
Craniotomy
Nursing
Neurological assessment
Medical
Analgesic
Maintenance of adequate cerebral perfusion
Seizure prevention and treatment
Anti coagulants
Intracerebral haemorrhage
Definition
Type of intracranial bleed that occurs within the brain tissue or ventricles
Pathophysiology
Hematoma expansion occurs in a large subset
Hematoma growth provides a potential opportunity for therapeutic interventions
Clinictal manifestations
Confusion
Trouble speaking
Loss of consciousness
Extreme fatigue
Sudden, severe headache
Loss of balance
Sudden weakness
Risk factors
Trauma
Blood disorders
Ruptured cerebral aneurysm
Problems with blood clotting
Drug abuse
Management
Medical
Anti seizures
Speech therapy
Analgesics
Surgical
Relieve pressure on the brain
Remove the blood clott
Repair any damaged arteries
Nursing
Health education
Not smoke
Anti seizures
Reduce risk of haemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Definition
Stroke caused by bleeding into the space surrounding the brain
Pathophysiology
Blood is released into the subarachnoid space
Clinicnval manifestations
Sensitivity to light
Vision loss
Nausea and vomiting
Severe headache
Neck stiffness
Seizures
Abnormal heart rhythm
Risk factors
Alcohol intake
Hypertension
Gender
Women
Smoking
Oral contraceptives
Hormone replacement therapy
Management
Surgical
Clipping of the aneurysm
Nursing
Monitor blood pressure
Neurological assessment
Medical
Anti hypertension drugs and lumbar puncture
Extradural bleeding
Definition
Is the bleeding between the tough outer membrane covering the brain and the skull ( Dura mater)
Clinical mandifestations
Confusion
Dizziness
Drowsiness
Nausea and vomiting
Severe headache
Risk factors
Increased age
History of GI bleeding
Aspirin usage
Management
Nursing
Comfort bed with 30 degrees elevation
Surgical
Craniotomy
Medical
Osmotic diuretics
Hyperventilation