Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR - Coggle Diagram
THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR
FRANCE AND ABSOLUTISM
Monarchies of the Modern Age
Kings increased their power
Absolute monarchies
were established
All the power was held by the king
France
was the main expample
Under King Louis XIV
Characteristics of his reign
Monarch held unrestricted power
Made the laws
Governed through decrees
Large court of advisors
Lived with him in the luxurious Palace of Versailles
Increased the number of officials
Under his orders
Secretaries of state
Police
Mayors
1 more item...
Magistrates (judges)
1 more item...
Administrative officials
Came from the bourgeoisie
Were given professional status
Board of governors
Mainly ministers who acted under the orders of
A Prime Minister
A Chancellor
1 more item...
Expanded the diplomatic corps
Well organised professional army
Access to better weapons
Built defensive fortresses
Intervened in the economy
Instigating this developments for his own benefit
Introduction of duties
Creation of royal workshops
Absolutism supported by the Church
Absolut power considered a divine right
The king was God’s representative
Everyone was accountable to him
Some
thinkers
considered absolute monarchy
The best possible political system
Absolutism began to spread
To the majority of the European states
Except England and Holland
Parliamentary systems were introduced
ENGLAND AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
English King
Charles I
was an absolutist monarch
He needed to raise money
He summoned Parliamen to increase taxes
But they demanded restrictions to the King's powers
Civil war broke out (1642-1648)
Between the King's and Parliament's supporters
The Parliament got the victory
King was executed and England became a republic
Oliver Cromwell was the leader
He become a dictator years later
Monarchy was reinstated in England in 1660
Parliament consisted of
Anglican nobles
Puritan bourgeoisie
Glorious Revolution in 1680
King James II tried to reinstate Catholicism
Parliament expelled the King
Replaced him with William III (a Dutch Protestant)
He was willing to obey Parliament
1689
He signed the Bill of Rights
Recognising Parliament's
Private property
Restrictions to royal power
Authority
In Europe
Established republics governed by a parliament
Like Holland, Venice and Geneva
But England was the first parliamentary monarchy
King's power was restricted
Country was governed by a parliament
English Parliament consisted of two groups
They governed alternately
House of Lords -> represented the higher nobility
House of Commons -> acted in the name of the bourgeoisie
These became political parties
Conservatives and the liberals
Freedom of the press was respected
Positions allocated through a voting system
It was not a democratic system
Only nobles & rich bourgeoisie allowed to participate
