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hydrocephalus - Coggle Diagram
hydrocephalus
signs and symptoms
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Changes in personality and behavior, for example, irritability
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diagnosis
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Physical examination: Thorough physical examination, including examining the gait.
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Spinal tap (lumbar puncture): A small amount of CSF is drawn from the lower back to check for infections and measure the CSF pressure.
Isotopic cisternography: A radioactive isotope is injected into the lower back during spinal tap to monitor the absorption of CSF over a period of time.
Intracranial pressure monitoring: A catheter or a small cable is inserted into the brain to monitor the pressure pattern.
nursing careplan
nursing dignosis
- altered nutrition due to increased intracranial pressure manifested by vomiting
- altered mood due to knowledge deficit about the disease and the process
- altered comfort related to increased intracranial pressure manifested by the patient complaining of headache
- risk to seizures related to the disease process
- altered level of consciousness manifested by drowziness
nursing intervention
- elevate the head of the patient at 30 degrees to promote nervous drainage from the head
- administer prescribed IV fluids to maintain circulating volume and give added electrolytes as required
- encourage the patient to take fluids orally
- encourage food intake
- nurse the patient in a cot bed so that the patient will not fall when feeling drowzy or dizzy
- monitor mental status and level of consciousness
- assess the patient level of knowledge and give health education if neccesary
problems
- nausea
- anxiety
- headache
- drowsiness
- seizures
expected outcomes
- to releive headache within 6hrs
- no vomiting the patient is eating and drinking well
- normalize sansation and mobility
- absence of seizures
- patient understands and accept the condition
classification
communicating hydrocephalus- in this case the CSF is able to move out of the ventricles into the subarachnoid space, but the channels that allows the CSF back into the brain are blocked
non-communicating hydrocephalus- is when the CSF is unable to move back into the ventricular system to the subarachnoid space
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causes
- over production of the cerebrospinal fluid as in the cases of infection
- chiari defects
- spinal bifida
- trauma
- subarachnoid haemorrhage
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