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IMPARED CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - Coggle Diagram
IMPARED CEREBRAL CIRCULATION
Haemophilia
Definition
Deficiency of one or more of the clotting factors carried on the X chromosome hence females are carrier's and males are sufferes
Phathophysiology
insufficient levels of clotting factors in the body , the clotting factors irregularity causes a lack of clumping of blood required to form a clot to plug a site of a wound
-mutation in the genes that provides instructions for making the clotting factor protein needed to form a blood clot
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Clinical manifestations
-redness and swelling of the larger joints
pain
haematura
-bleeding into muscle
Management
-Give a transfusion of blood and fresh frozen plasma as prescribed to replace blood loss
-Administer analgesics as prescribed for pain Assist with passive or range of motion exercises daily
Joint replacements are sometimes required Nursing management Clinical manifestations Nursing management
Patient should be put on bed rest with the head elevated to prevent intracranial bleeding
-Instruct patients in measures to avoid constipation, as straining could use bleeding
-Apply cold compresses to joints
Causes
-changes in genes-
Thrombocytopenia :
Definition
Disorder that occurs when there is a reduction of platelets, resulting in bleeding disorders. It may be congenital or acquired
Phathophysiology
-Bone marrow diseases, including aplastic anemia, leukemia, certain lymphomas and myelodysplastic syndromes
-Alcohol use disorder and alcoholism. Autoimmune disease which causes ITP
-Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy
Clinical manifestations
bleeding
-joint pains causing by extravasations into tissues
-fever
weakness
spontaneous bleeding from the nose, gums, urinary system and excessive masturbation in women
petechia in the skin as well as ecchymosis
Management
-Advice patients to use a soft- bristled toothbrush for cleaning their teeth and to use an electric razor for shaving to prevent bleeding .
Give a transfusion of blood and fresh frozen plasma as prescribed to replace blood loss
-Administer analgesics as prescribed for pain Assist with passive or range of motion exercises daily
-Joint replacements are sometimes required
-Patient should be put on bed rest with the head elevated to prevent intracranial bleeding Instruct patients in measures to avoid constipation, as straining could use bleeding
Causes
-Alcohol use disorder and alcoholism.
-Autoimmune disease which causes ITP. ...
-Bone marrow diseases, including aplastic anemia, leukemia, certain lymphomas and myelodysplastic syndromes.
-Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
References
https://www.google.com/aclk?sa=L&ai=DChcSEwjOudOM79T3AhWXgFAGHbBLDJYYABAAGgJkZw&ae=2&sig=AOD64_0cWjpZn2ggJxR2zVT3_yZSEvRlfA&q&adurl&ved=2ahUKEwiq2c2M79T3AhVLSsAKHeL4CakQ0Qx6BAgDEAE