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Congenital Abnormalities Of The Eye: Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction -…
Congenital Abnormalities Of The Eye: Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Defination
Is the obstruction of nasolacrimal duct and may be either congenital or acquired
Signs and symptoms
Epiphora
Increased tear lake
Mucous or mucopurulent discharge
When pressure is applied over lacrimal sac there is a reflux of mucoid or mucopurulent material from the punctum
Sometimes periocular skin is chapped
Causes
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, or dacryostenosis, occurs when the lacrimal duct has failed to open at the time of birth, most often due to aan imperforate membrane at the valve of Hasne
Risk Factors
Children with Down Syndrome
Craniosynostosis
Hemifacial microsomia
Goldenhar sequence
Clefting syndromes
Pathophysiology
General stenosis of the duct is the second most common cause of duct obstruction
Congenital proximal lacrimal outflow dysgenesis involves maldevelopment of the punctum and canaliculus
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is most commonly a membranous obstruction at the valve of Hasner at the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct
Proximal outflow dysgenesis can occur concurrently with distal obstruction
Nursing Care Plan
Anxiety
Nursing Interventions
Evaluate anxiety level, degree of pain experienced or suddenness of onset of symptoms, and current knowledge of the condition
Allow the patient to acknowledge concerns and express fealings
Desired Outcomes
Appear relaxed and report anxiety is reduced to a manageable level
Demonstrate problem - solving skills