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MEMORY - Coggle Diagram
MEMORY
CONCEPT
Memory is the mental capacity that enables a subject to record, preserve and evoke experiences (ideas images, events, feelings, etc.).
TYPES
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• Short-term memory (STM). When it comes to
retaining a small amount of information, so that it is available for a short period of time.
• Operating memory or working memory. Involved in many tasks in which it is required to store a certain amount of information for a short period of time while performing concurrent processing.
• Long-term memory (LTM). This type of memory is what allows us to store information for a long period of time.
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IMPORTANCE OF MEMORY
The memory that allows us to remember what we hear is
considered the most important since speech is due to it. In addition, it allows us to store other sounds, such a noises, songs, tones, among others.
HOW DOES THE MEMORY
WORK?
We can establish three steps in the operation of the memory which we will break down based on the multi-store theory that we have previously referred to:
Coding: The information perceived by the sensory organs is stored for a short period of time in the sensory memory.
Storage: From sensory memory, information that has been deemed relevant enough passes into working memory. The information is organized in images, semantic networks or schemes.
• semantic networks. It is a set of units that are related by their meaning and that are organized hierarchically.
• Schemes. They contain a large amount of information organized by topic and constitute models that describe specific situations or information.
Recovery: This new information is integrated in a coherent way with what we already have stored in our memory. When this occurs compression takes place which makes it easier to retrieve material that has been stored in memory.
EFFECTS AND ANOMALIES
We have talked about forgetting, but it is also convenient to comment on some effects or anomalies related to memory that are common and have happened to all of us at some point.
• Google Effect: It is the tendency to forget part of the information since we can search the Internet for any data we need.
• Mandela effect or false memory: A memory is produced that did not occur or is recalled in a distorted way.
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• "Deja Vu": It implies the feeling of having already experienced a situation knowing that it is the first time we experience it.
• Recency effect: Occurs when the information that is most remembered is the one presented at the end.
• “Jamais vu”: It happens when you go through a situation that you have been through many times, but the feeling is that you have never experienced it.
WHY DO WE FORGET THINGS?
A factor closely related above all to the recovery of memories is forgetting, which we can define as the impossibility of accessing information that is supposed to be stored in memory. Forgetting can be caused by:
• Access problems: Sometimes we cannot access the information stored in our memory, especially if stress leads us to produce hormones that block that access.
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• Expiration: The stored data can be lost over time, this above all makes sense in sensory and short-term memory, which, being of limited capacity, has to try to optimize its resources.
DISORDERS OF MEMORY
• Alzheimer's. Neurodegenerative disease that manifests itself presenting cognitive and behavioral deterioration.
• Amnesia. It affects memory function and makes the person unable to store memories or to be able to retrieve them.