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Hearing loss image - Coggle Diagram
Hearing loss 
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Symptoms
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Frequently asking others to speak more slowly, clearly and loudly
Difficulty understanding words, especially against background noise or in a crowd
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Causes
Damage to the inner ear. Aging and exposure to loud noise may cause wear and tear on the hairs or nerve cells in the cochlea that send sound signals to the brain. When these hairs or nerve cells are damaged or missing, electrical signals aren't transmitted as efficiently, and hearing loss occurs.
Gradual buildup of earwax. Earwax can block the ear canal and prevent conduction of sound waves. Earwax removal can help restore your hearing.
Ear infection and abnormal bone growths or tumors. In the outer or middle ear, any of these can cause hearing loss.
Ruptured eardrum (tympanic membrane perforation). Loud blasts of noise, sudden changes in pressure, poking your eardrum with an object and infection can cause your eardrum to rupture and affect your hearing
Pathophysiology
Hearing loss is a condition that occurs when the sound transmission from the outer ear to the brain suffers a disruption
The disruption can happen at any stage, either before or after the cochlea, and the hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural, respectively
If both sites, pre and post the cochlea, are affected, then the hearing loss is characterized as mixed
Nursing diagnosis
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Disturbed auditory, sensory perception related to eardisorder or surgery
Nursing interventions
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Provide an alternative means of communication for times when interpreters are not available (e.g., a phone contact who can interpret the patient’s needs
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Maintain eye contact with patient when speaking. Stand close, within patient’s line of vision (generally midline).
References
Nieman CL, et al. Otolaryngology for the internist: Hearing loss. Medical Clinics of North America. 2018;102:977.
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