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Miscellaneous eye conditions - Coggle Diagram
Miscellaneous eye conditions
Keratoconus
Definition
Is an eye disease in which the cornea begins to thin and bulge or become cone shape, the irregular shape causes blurry vision and light sensitivity. IT develops in the late teens and gradually worsens over time
Signs and symptoms
Minor blurring of vision
Sensitivity to bright light and clear
Poor night vision and difficult driving at night
Increasingly blurred or distorted vision
Sudden worsening or clouding of vision
Pathophysiology
Is bilateral progressive thinning and actors of the cornea that results in blurred vision from irregular astigmatism
Risk factors
Having a family history of keratoconus
Rubbing your eyes vigorously
Having certain conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa or down syndrome
Nursing care plan
Patient with be able to deal with potential for permanent visual loss
Patient will be able to use adaptive devices to compensate for visual loss
Patient will be able to verbalize understanding of visual loss and diseases of eyes
Retinal Detachment
Definition
Occurs when the retina detaches from its underlying structures the buildup of fluid behind the retina is what separates the retina from the back of the eye
Nursing diagnosis
Disturbance sensory perception
Objects appearing smaller
Straight lines appear distorted
Nursing care plan
Encourage the patient to see an ophthalmologist at least a year
Provide lightnig that avoids glare on surfaces or wallsreading
Provide sufficient lighting for the patient to carry out activities those who can see
Assess the patient's ability to see and perform activities
Supportive lifestyle changes to adapt to the decrease in vision
Diagnostic tests
Eye ocular ultrasound
Eye exam
Sings and symptoms
Seeing flashes of light
Seeing lot of floaters
Darkening of peripheral vision
Darkening/ shadow covering part of the vision
Risk factors
Eye injury
Family history of retinal detachment
Intraocular surgery
Pathophysiology
Occurs when the forces of adhesion between the NSR and the RPE are overwhelmed
Cause
Aging
An eye injury
Other conditions of miscellaneous eyes
Blepharitis
Corneal Ulcer
Eye Allergies
Strabismus/ crossed eyes
Definition
Is a condition where the eyes do not look in the same direction as they should do
Sings and symptoms
Infants of between 3 to 4 months should be able to focus on small objects
A baby of 6 months should be able to focus on far and near objects
Sudden appearance is with double vision
Conditions associated
Cerebral palsy
Down syndrome
Stroke
Graves' disease
Diagnostic tests
Patients history
Visual acuity
Refraction
Alignment
Causes
Results from abnormalities of the neuromuscular control of the eye movements
A problem with the acute eye muscle
Pathophysiology
The extraocular muscles controls the position of the eyes, a problem with their muscles skills or the nerves controlling them can cause paralytic strabismus
Cartegorized by direction
Inward turning: esotropia
Outward turning: exotropia
Upward turning: hypertropia
Downward turning: hpotropia